The Jonathan Edwards Center at Yale University

"The Fulfillment of the Prophecies of the Messiah" Miscellanies no. 1068.3 Misc. 1068.3 (ed.) Jonathan Edwards

95.At the beginning of the entry, JE wrote: "This properly follows §94." Following is an insert in another hand: "p. 65." It was foretold that the devil should be remarkably conquered, confounded and punished by the Messiah. Gen. 3:15, "And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel"; Is. 27:1, "In that day the Lord with his sore and great and strong sword shall punish leviathan the piercing serpent, even leviathan that crooked serpent; and he shall slay the dragon that is in the sea"; Zech. 3:1-2, etc., "And he showed me Joshua the high priest standing before the angel of the Lord, and Satan standing at his right hand to resist him. And the Lord said unto Satan, The Lord rebuke thee, O Satan, even the Lord that hath chosen Jerusalem rebuke thee," taken together with what follows in that chapter, which shows how Satan is to be confounded in his attempts, viz. by setting a fair mitre on Joshua's or Jesus' head, and bringing forth God's servant the Branch, etc.; Is. 65:25, "The wolf and the lamb shall feed together, and the lion shall eat straw like the bullock: and dust shall be the serpent's meat. They shall not hurt nor destroy in all my holy mountain," compared with Is. 11:1, 9.

96."96" written over "93." It is foretold that the inhabitants of heaven should behold admire and praise the wonders of God's works of mercy and redemption by the Messiah. Ps. 89:1-5, "I will sing of the mercies of the Lord . . . For I have said, Mercy shall be built up for ever: . . . I have made a covenant with my chosen, I have sworn unto David my servant. Thy seed will I establish for ever, and build up thy throne to all generations. And the heavens shall praise thy wonders, O Lord: thy faithfulness also in the congregation of the saints."

97."97" written over "94." It was foretold that the Messiah should be a mediator to stand between an infinitely holy, great and dreadful God, and weak, feeble, sinful men, to screen them from the fire of God's wrath and to be a medium of their intercourse with a Being so much above them, and [of] such majesty, purity and justice that they were not fit to have access to and communication with immediately. For the children of Israel's expressing their sense of their need of such a mediator, and medium of their access to God, and free and friendly intercourse with him, is mentioned as the very occasion of the great promise given of the Messiah at Mt. Sinai. Deut. 18:15-18, "The Lord thy God will raise thee up a Prophet from the midst of thee, of thy brethren, like unto me; unto him ye shall hearken; according to all that thou desiredst of the Lord thy God in Horeb in the day of the assembly, saying, Let me not hear again the voice of the Lord my God, neither let me see this great fire any more, that I die not. And the Lord said unto me, They have well spoken that which they have spoken" (i. e. "They have said it with good reason: they indeed stand in need of a mediator; they are not fit for immediate access"). "I will raise 'em up a Prophet from among their brethren, like unto thee, and I will put my words in his mouth; and he shall speak unto them all that I command him." 'Tis promised that he should be from the midst of them, of their brethren, intimating that he shall be such an one as they need, in a nature not so much above them, not clothed with such terrible majesty, but one that they might have free access to without fear.

98."98" written over "95." As the apostle Paul in his epistle to the Hebrews represents that Jesus Christ in this differs from the high priests of old, that whereas they used to enter into the holiest of all but once a year to appear before the throne of God, Jesus Christ was a high priest that entered into the holy of holies to sit down on the throne of God on God's right hand, there to remain continually as a royal priest; so in exact agreement with this is that prophecy in Zech. 6:13, "Even he shall build the temple of the Lord; and he shall bear the glory, and shall sit and rule upon his throne" (i. e. upon God's throne); "and he shall be a priest upon his throne."

99."99" written over "96." As the prophecies represent the Messiah as a priest to offer sacrifice for his people, so they represent him as an intercessor for them. Is. 53:12, "he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors"; Zech. 1:12, "Then the angel of the Lord answered and said, O Lord of hosts, how long wilt thou not have mercy on Jerusalem and on the cities of Judah, against which thou hast had indignation this threescore and ten years?" This that is here called the angel of the Lord, seems to be the same that is elsewhere so called in the Old Testament, which I have showed is the same person with the Messiah, in §13 of this discourse.At the end of this entry, JE wrote: "next to this follows §100." Following is an insert in another hand: "p. 72."

100."100" written over "97[?]." At the beginning of the entry, JE noted: "This follow should follow next after §99." It was foretold that the enlargement and advancement of the kingdom of the Messiah, and the increase of the number of his subjects, and his success in the actual salvation of his people, and their prosperity and joy and triumph over their enemies, should be chiefly after the Messiah's ascension into heaven, and dependent upon it. Ezek. 17:22-23, "I will also take of the highest branch of the high cedar, and will set it; I will crop off from the top of his young twigs a tender one, and will plant it in an high mountain and eminent: in the mountain of the height of Israel will I plant it; and it shall bring forth boughs, and bear fruit, and be a goodly cedar: and under it shall dwell all fowl of every wing; in the shadow of the branches thereof shall they dwell"; Ps. 2:6, etc., "I have set my king on my holy hill of Zion. . . . Ask of me, and I will give thee the heathen," etc.; Ps. 110[:1-6], "Sit thou on my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool. The Lord shall send the rod of thy strength out of Zion: rule thou in the midst of thine enemies. Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power, in the beauty of holiness from the womb of the morning: thou hast the dew of thy youth. . . . The Lord at thy right hand shall strike through kings . . . He shall judge among the heathen, . . . he shall wound the heads over many countries"; Ps. 68, throughout, observing the connection of the rest of the Psalm with vv. 4 and 18 and 33; and the whole Ps. 47, observing the connection of the rest of the Psalm with v. 5; Ps. 108:5 to the end, "Be thou exalted, O God, above the heavens: and thy glory above all the earth; that thy beloved may be delivered: . . . God hath spoken in his holiness; I will rejoice, I will divide Shechem"; Ps. 7:7-8, "So shall the congregation of the people compass thee about: for their sakes therefore return thou on high. The Lord shall judge the people," etc.; and Ps. 8:1-2, "O Lord, our Lord, how excellent is thy name in all the earth! who hast set thy glory above the heavens. Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings thou hast ordained strength," etc.; which places in the 7th and 8th Psalms, so agreeable to what we have in the 47th and 68th and 108th Psalms, there is all reason to suppose have respect to the same thing; Zech. 6:13-15, "he shall sit and rule upon his throne; and he shall be a priest upon his throne: . . . And the crowns shall be to Helem, and to Tobijah, and to Jedaiah, and to Hen . . . And they that are far off shall come and build in the temple of the Lord"; Dan. 7:13-14, "I saw in the night visions, and behold one like the Son of man came with the clouds of heaven, and came to the Ancient of days, and they brought him near before him. And there was given him dominion, and glory, and a kingdom, that all people, nations, and languages, should serve him"; Ps. 118:18 to the end, "Open to me the gates of righteousness: I will go in to them, and praise the Lord: the gate of the Lord, into which the righteous shall enter. . . . This is the day which the Lord hath made; we will be glad and rejoice in it. Save now, I beseech thee, O Lord: I beseech thee, send now prosperity."

101."101" written over "99." It was foretold that in the times of the Messiah's kingdom, not the being of any particular nation would qualify persons to be received as some of the people of God, and give them a title to the privileges and blessings of the Messiah's kingdom; but that those that were righteous and holy only should be accounted the Messiah's people, or admitted to the privileges of such. Ps. 50:5, "Gather my saints together; those that have made a covenant with me by sacrifice"; v. 7, "Hear, O my people, and I will speak; O Israel, and I will testify against thee: I am God, even thy God"; v. 16, "But unto the wicked God saith, What hast thou to do to declare my statutes, or that thou shouldst take my covenant in thy mouth?"; v. 23, "Whoso offereth praise glorifieth God: and to him that ordereth his conversation aright will I show the salvation of God"; Ps. 24:3-6, "Who shall ascend into the hill of the Lord? and who shall stand in his holy place? He that hath clean hands, and a pure heart; . . . He shall receive the blessing from the Lord, and righteousness from the God of his salvation. This is the generation of them that seek him, that seek thy face, O Jacob"; Is. 26:2, "Open ye the gates, that the righteous nation that keepeth the truth may enter in"; Is. 33:14-17, "The sinners in Zion" (i.e the sinners in the nation of Israel that pretended to be all God's people) "are afraid; fearfulness hath surprized the hypocrites. Who among us shall dwell with the devouring fire? who among us shall dwell with everlasting burnings?" (signifying that God will entirely reject them though they dwell in Zion). "He that walketh righteously, and speaketh uprightly; he that despiseth the gain of oppressions, and shaketh his hands from holding of bribes, that stoppeth his ears from hearing of blood, and shutteth his eyes from seeing evil. He shall dwell on high: his place of defense shall be the munitions of rocks" (he shall continue to dwell on Mt. Zion, that was an high and strong place defended with munitions of rocks): "bread shall be given him; his water shall be sure. Thine eyes shall see the king in his beauty: they shall behold the land that is very far off"; v. 20, "Look upon Zion, the city of our solemnities: thine eyes shall see Jerusalem a quiet habitation," etc.; v. 22, "the Lord is our judge, the Lord is our lawgiver, the Lord is our king; he will save us"; Mal. 3:16-18, "Then they that feared the Lord spake often one to another: . . . And they shall be mine [. . .] in the day that I make up my jewels; . . . Then shall ye return, and discern between the righteous and the wicked, between him that serveth God and him that serveth him not"; ch. 4:1-3, "For, behold, the day cometh that shall burn as an oven; and all the proud, yea, all that do wickedly, shall be as stubble: . . . But unto you that fear my name shall the Sun of righteousness arise with with healing in his wings; . . . And ye shall tread down the wicked"; Is. 52:1, "put on thy beautiful garments, O Jerusalem, for henceforth there shall no more come into thee the uncircumcised and the unclean"; Ezek. 44:6-7, "O ye house of Israel, let it suffice you of all your abominations. In that ye have brought into my sanctuary strangers, uncircumcised in heart, and uncircumcised in flesh, to be in my sanctuary, to pollute it"; with v. 9, "Thus saith the Lord; No stranger, uncircumcised in heart, nor uncircumcised in flesh, shall enter into my sanctuary, of any stranger that is among the children of Israel"; Ps. 45:4, "ride prosperously because of truth, meekness and righteousness"; Joel 3:17, "So shall ye know that I am the Lord your God dwelling in Zion, my holy mountain: then shall Jerusalem be holy, and there shall no stranger pass through her any more"; Zech. 14:21, "in that day there shall be no more the Canaanite in the house of the Lord of hosts"; Ps. 69:32, "The humble shall see this, and be glad: and your heart shall live that seek God"; with vv. 35-36, "For God will save Zion, and will build the cities of Judah: that they may dwell there, and have it in possession. The seed also of his servants shall inherit it: and they that love his name shall dwell therein"; Ps. 22:22-23, "I will declare thy name unto my brethren: in the midst of the congregation will I praise thee. Ye that fear the Lord, praise him; all ye seed of Jacob, glorify him; and fear him, all ye seed of Israel"; with vv. 25-26, "My praise shall be of thee in the great congregation: I will pay my vows before them that fear him. The meek shall eat and be satisfied: they shall praise the Lord that seek him"; v. 30, "A seed shall serve him; it shall be accounted to the Lord for a generation"; Is. 65:8-11, "Thus saith the Lord, As the new wine is found in the cluster, and one saith, Destroy it not; for a blessing is in it: so will I do for my servants' sakes, that I may not destroy them all. And I will bring forth a seed out of Jacob, and out of Judah an inheritor of my mountains: and mine elect shall inherit it, and my servants shall dwell there. And Sharon shall be a fold of flocks, and the valley of Achor a place for the herds to lie down in, for my people that have sought me. But ye are they that forsake the Lord"; vv. 13-15, "Therefore thus saith the Lord God, Behold, my servants shall eat, but ye shall be hungry" (speaking of the wicked among the Jews, as appears by the preceding part of the chapter): "behold, my servants shall drink, but ye shall [be] thirsty: behold, my servants shall rejoice, but ye shall be ashamed: behold, my servants shall sing for joy of heart, but ye shall cry for sorrow of heart, and shall howl for vexation of spirit. And ye shall have your name for a curse unto my chosen"; vv. 18-19, "for, behold, I create Jerusalem a rejoicing, and her people a joy. And I will rejoice in Jerusalem, and joy in my people"; vv. 22-23, "for as the days of a tree are the days of my people, mine elect shall long enjoy the work of their hands. . . . they shall be called the seedKJV reads: "they are the seed." of the blessed of the Lord, and their offspring with them"; ch. 66:5, "Hear ye the word of the Lord, ye that tremble at his word; Your brethren that hated you, and cast you out for my name's sake, said, Let the Lord be glorified: but he shall appear to your joy, and they shall be ashamed"; v. 14, "and the hand of the Lord shall be known towards his servants, and his indignation towards his enemies"; Dan. 7:18, "But the saints of the most High shall take the kingdom"; v. 22, "and the time came that the saints possessed the kingdom"; v. 27, "And the kingdom," etc., "shall be given to the people of the saints of the most High"; Is. 8:15-16, "And many among them shall stumble, and fall, and be broken, and snared, and taken. Bind up the testimony, and seal the law among my disciples"; Is. 35:8, "And an highway shall be there, and a way, and it shall be called, The way of holiness; the unclean shall not pass over it"; with v. 10, "And the ransomed of the Lord shall return, and come to Zion," etc.; Is. 4:3-4, "And it shall come to pass, that he that is left in Zion, and he that remaineth in Jerusalem, shall be called holy, even every one that is written among the living in Jerusalem: when the Lord shall have washed away the filth of the daughters of Zion, and shall have purged the blood of Jerusalem from the midst thereof by the spirit of judgment, and by the spirit of burning"; Ezek. 20:38, "And I will purge out from among you the rebels, and them that transgress against me: I will bring them forth out of the country where they sojourn, and they shall not enter into the land of Israel: and ye shall know that I am the Lord"; Ps. 85:8-9, "I will hear what God the Lord will speak: for he will speak peace unto his people, and to his saints: but let them not turn again to folly. Surely his salvation is nigh them that fear him; that glory may dwell in our land"; Ps. 118:20, "This gate of the Lord, into which the righteous shall enter"; Is. 57:13, "When thou criest, let thy companies deliver thee; but the wind shall carry them all away; but he that putteth his trust in me shall possess the land, and shall inherit my holy mountain." 'Tis probable that some respect is had to this state of things in the days of the Messiah, when the righteous only should be reckoned of God's Israel, in Ps. 37:9-11, "For evildoers shall be cut off: but those that wait upon the Lord, shall inherit the earth. For yet a little while, and the wicked shall not be: yea, thou shalt diligently consider his place, and it shall not be. But the meek shall inherit the earth: and delight themselves in the abundance of peace"; and v. 29, "The righteous shall inherit the land, and dwell therein for ever"; Is. 59:20, "And the Redeemer shall come to Zion, and unto them that turn from transgression in Jacob."

102."102" written over "100." As it was often foretold that in the times of the Messiah's kingdom, those only that should be holy and righteous of the nation of Israel should be accounted the people of God, and admitted to the privileges of the Messiah's kingdom; so it was foretold that all that were righteous, of whatever nation they were, should be accepted as God's people and admitted to those privileges. Is. 56:6-8, "Also the sons of the stranger, that join themselves to the Lord, to serve him, and to love the name of the Lord, to be his servants, every one that keepeth the sabbath from polluting it, and taketh hold of my covenant; even them will I bring to my holy mountain, and make them joyful in my house of prayer: theirMS: "their." burnt offerings and their sacrifices shall be accepted on mine altar; for my house shall be called an house of prayer for all people. The Lord which gathereth the outcasts of Israel saith, Yet will I gather others to him, besides those that are gathered unto him"; Ps. 24:1-6, "The earth is the Lord's, and the fullness thereof; the world, and they that dwell therein. For he hath founded it . . . Who shall ascend into the hill of the Lord? . . . He that hath clean hands, and a pure heart; . . . He shall receive the blessing from the Lord, and righteousness from the God of his salvation. This is the generation of them that seek him"; Ps. 145:9-12, "The Lord is good to all: and his tender mercies are over all his works. All thy works shall praise thee, O Lord; and thy saints shall bless thee. They shall speak of the glory of thy kingdom, and talk of thy power; to make known to the sons of men his mighty acts, and the glorious majesty of his kingdom"; and vv. 18-20, "The Lord is nigh unto all them that call upon him, to all that call upon him in truth. He will fulfill the desire of them that fear him: he will also hear their cry, and will save them. The Lord preserveth all them that love him: but all the wicked will he destroy."

See this more abundantly manifested hereafter in future sections concerning the calling of the Gentiles, and their being admitted to the same privileges with the Jews.Sec. 111.

103. They represent faith, or a spiritual coming to the Messiah, and looking to him and trusting in him, and in God through him, as that which will give persons an interest in him and the benefits of his kingdom. Is. 28:15-17, "Because ye have said, . . . we have made lies our refuge, and under falsehood have we hid ourselves: therefore thus saith the Lord God, Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation a stone, a tried stone, a precious corner stone, a sure foundation: he that believeth shall not make haste. Judgment also will I lay to the line, . . . and the hail shall sweep away the refuge of lies, and the waters shall overflow the hiding place"; Is. 27:4-5, "who would set the briers and thorns against me in battle? I would go through them, I would burn them together. Or let him take hold of my strength, that he may make peace with me; and he shall make peace with me"; Jer. 3:19, "But I said, How shall I put thee among the children, and give thee a pleasant land, a goodly heritage of the host of nations? And I said, Thou shalt call me, My father; and shalt not turn away from me"; with vv. 22-23, "Return, ye backsliding children, and I will heal your backslidings. Behold, we come unto thee; for thou art the Lord our God. Truly in vain is salvation hoped for from the hills, and from the multitude of mountains: truly in the Lord our God is the salvation of Israel"; Is. 45:22, "Look to me, and be ye saved, all the ends of the earth," and vv. 24-25, "Surely, shall one say, in the Lord have I righteousness and strength: even to him shall men come; . . . In the Lord shall all the seed of Israel be justified, and shall glory"; Is. 55:1-3, "Ho, every one that thirsteth, come ye to the waters, and he that hath no money; come ye, buy, and eat; yea, come, buy wine and milk without money and without price. . . . hearken diligently unto me, and eat ye that which is good, and let your soul delight itself in fatness. Incline your ear, and come to me: hear, and your soul shall live ;and I will make an everlasting covenant with you, even the sure mercies of David"; Is. 40:31, "But they that wait upon the Lord shall renew their strength; they shall mount up with wings as eagles; they shall run, and not be weary; they shall walk, and not faint"; Is. 56:4-5, "For thus saith the Lord unto the eunuchs that . . . take hold of my covenant; even to them will I give in mine house . . . a place and a name"; and vv. 6-7, "Also the sons of the stranger, that join themselves to the Lord, . . . and take hold of my covenant; even them will I bring to my holy mountain"; Is. 57:13, "When thou criest, let thy companies deliver thee; but the wind shall carry them all away; vanity shall take them: but he that putteth his trust in me shall possess the land, and inherit my holy mountain"; Is. 60:9, "Surely the isles shall wait for me, and the ships of Tarshish first"; Is. 51:5, "My righteousness is near; my salvation is gone forth, and mine arms shall judge the people; The isles shall wait upon me, and on mine arm shall they trust"; Zech. 9:9-12, "behold, thy King cometh unto thee: he is just, and having salvation; . . . his dominion shall be from sea to sea, . . . As for thee also, by the blood of thy covenant I have sent thy prisoners out of the pit wherein there is no water. Turn ye to the strong hold, ye prisoners of hope"; Is. 26:1-4, "In that day shall this song be sung; We have a strong city; salvation will God appoint for walls and for bulwarks. Open ye the gates, that the righteous nation which keepeth the truth may enter in. Thou wilt keep him in perfect peace, whose mind is stayed on thee: because he trusteth in thee. Trust in the Lord for ever: for in the Lord Jehovah is the rock of ages" (as it is in the Hebrew);The KJV reads: "for in the Lord Jehovah is everlasting strength." Hos. 14:1-3, "O Israel, return unto the Lord thy God; for thou hast fallen by thine iniquity. Take with you words, and turn to the Lord: say unto him, Take away all iniquity, and receive us graciously: . . . Asshur shall not save us; we will not ride on horses: neither will we say any more to the work of our hands, Ye are our gods: for in thee the fatherless findeth mercy."

104."104" written over "102." The prophecies do represent repentance as the special condition of remission of sins in the days of the Messiah's kingdom. Jer. 3:12-13, "Go and proclaim these words towards the north, and say, Return thou backsliding Israel, saith the Lord; and I will not cause mine anger to fall upon you: for I am merciful, saith the Lord, and I will not keep anger for ever. Only acknowledge thine iniquity, that thou hast transgressed against the Lord thy God, and hast scattered thy ways to the strangers under every green tree, and ye have not obeyed any voice, saith the Lord"; vv. 21-22, "A voice was heard upon the high places, weeping and supplication of the children of Israel: for they have perverted their way, and have forgotten the Lord their God. Return, ye backsliding children, and I will heal your backslidings"; vv. 24-25, "For shame hath devoured the labor of our fathers from our youth: their flocks and their herds, their sons and their daughters. We lie down [in] our shame, and confusion covereth us: for we have sinned against the Lord our God, we and our fathers, from our youth even to this day, and have not obeyed the voice of the Lord our God"; Jer. 31:9, "They shall come with weeping, and with supplications will I lead them"; [vv.] 18-20, "I have surely heard Ephraim bemoaning himself thus; Thou hast chastized me, and I was chastized, as a bullock unaccustomed to the yoke: turn thou me, and I shall be turned; for thou art the Lord my God. Surely after that I was turned, I repented; and after that I was instructed, I smote upon my thigh: I was ashamed, yea, even confounded, because I did bear the reproach of my youth. Is Ephraim my dear son? is he a pleasant child? for since I spake against him, I do earnestly remember him still: therefore my bowels are troubled for him; I will surely have mercy upon him, saith the Lord"; Is. 55:7, "Let the wicked forsake his way, and the unrighteous man his thoughts: and let [him] return unto the Lord, and he will have mercy upon him; and to our God, for he will abundantly pardon," with the context; Is. 59:20, "And the Redeemer shall come to Zion, and to them that turn from transgression in Jacob, saith the Lord"; Ezek. 16:61-63, "Then thou shalt remember thy ways, and be ashamed, when thou shalt receive thy sisters, . . . And I will establish my covenant with thee; and thou shalt know that I am the Lord: that thou mayst remember, and be confounded, and never open thy mouth any more because of thy shame, when I am pacified toward thee for all that thou hast done, saith the Lord God"; Ezek. 20:43-44,MS: "43. 43." "And there shall ye remember your ways, and all your doings, wherein ye have been defiled; and shall loath yourselves in your own sight for all your evils that ye have committed. And ye shall know that I am the Lord, when I have wrought with you for my name's sake, not according to your wicked ways, nor according to your corrupt doings, saith the Lord God"; Ezek. 36:31-33, "Then shall ye remember your evil ways, and your doings that were not good, and shall loath yourselves in your own sight for your iniquities and for your abominations. Not for yourselves do I this, saith the Lord God, be it known unto you: be ashamed and confounded for your own ways, O house of Israel. Thus saith the Lord God; In the day that I have cleansed you from all your iniquities, I will also cause you to dwell in the cities, and the wastes shall be builded"; Hos. 2:14-15, "Therefore, behold, I will allure her, and bring her into the wilderness, and speak comfortably unto her. And I will give her her vineyards from thence, and the valley of Achor for a door of hope: and she shall sing there as in the days of her youth, as in the day when she came up out of the land of Egypt"; Zech. 12:10, etc.,

And I will pour upon the house of David, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the spirit of grace and of supplications: and they shall look upon me whom they have pierced, and they shall mourn for him, as one mourneth for his only son, and shall be in bitterness, as when one is in bitterness for a firstborn. In that day there shall be a great mourning in Jerusalem, as the mourning of Hadadrimmon in the valley of Megiddon. And the land shall mourn, every family apart; the family of the house of David apart, and their wives apart; the family of the house of Nathan apart, and their wives apart; the family of the house of Levi apart, and their wives apart; the family of the house of Shimei apart, and their wives apart; all the families that remain, every family apart, and their wives apart. In that day there shall be a fountain opened to the house of David and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem for sin and for uncleanness.

105."105" written over "103." The prophecies represent the constitution of things in the days of the Messiah's kingdom, to be such as shall bring a stain on all human glory, and shall have a tendency to abase the pride of men and exalt God alone. Is. 2:11-17, "The lofty looks of man shall be humbled, and the haughtiness of men shall be bowed down, and the Lord alone shall be exalted in that day. For the day of the Lord of hosts shall be upon every one that is proud and lofty, and upon every one that is lifted up; and he shall be brought low: and upon all the cedars of Lebanon, that are high and lifted up, and upon all the oaks of Bashan, and upon all the high mountains, and upon all the hills that are lifted up, and upon every high tower, and upon every fenced wall, and upon all the ships of Tarshish, and upon all pleasant pictures. And the loftiness of man shall be bowed down, and the haughtiness of men shall be made low: and the Lord alone shall be exalted in that day"; Is. 26:5, "For he bringeth down them that dwell on high; the lofty city, he layeth it low; he layeth it low, even to the ground; he bringeth it even to the dust"; Is. 28:1-5, "Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is a fading flower, . . . Behold, the Lord with a mighty and strong one, which as a tempest of hail and a destroying storm, as a flood of mighty waters overflowing, shall cast down to the earth with the hand. . . . And the glorious beauty, which is on the head of the fat valley, shall be a fading flower, and as the hasty fruit before the summer; . . . In that day shall the Lord of hosts be for a crown of glory, and for a diadem of beauty, unto the residue of this people"; Is. 40:5-7, "And the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together: for the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it. [. . .] And he said, What shall I cry? All flesh is grass, and all the goodliness thereof is as the flower of the field."

106."106" written over "104." According to the prophecies of the Old Testament, the vanity of all confidence in anything for salvation but God, should be a doctrine clearly revealed and much insisted on, and that all that have the benefit of the blessings of the Messiah's kingdom should renounce all creature confidences. So the gospel begins in the prophecies of Isaiah. Is. 40:6-8, "The voice said, Cry. [. . .] What shall I cry? All flesh is grass, and all the goodliness thereof as the flower of the field: the grass withereth, the flower fadeth: because the spirit of the Lord bloweth upon it: surely the people is grass. The grass withereth, the glower fadeth: but the word of our God shall stand for ever"; Ps. 146:3-6, "Put not your trust in princes, nor in the son of man, in whom there is no help. His breath goeth forth, he returneth to his earth; in that very day his thoughts perish. Happy is he that hath the God of Jacob for his help, whose hope is in the Lord his God: which made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that therein is: which keepeth truth for ever"; Is. 2:15, "and upon every high tower, and upon every fenced wall," with v. 17, "and the Lord alone shall be exalted in that day," and v. 22, "Cease ye from man ,whose breath is in his nostrils: for wherein is he to be accounted of?"; Ps. 60:11-12, "Give us help from trouble: for vain is the help of man. Through God we shall do valiantly: for he it is that doth tread down our enemies"; Ps. 118:8-9, "It is better to trust in the Lord than to put confidence in man. It is better to trust in the Lord than to put confidence in princes"; Jer. 3:23, "Truly in vain is salvation hoped for from the hills, and from the multitudes of mountains: truly in the Lord our God is the salvation of Israel"; Ps. 147:10-11, "He delighteth not in the strength of the horse: he taketh not pleasure in the legs of a man. The Lord taketh pleasure in them that fear him, in those that hope in his mercy"; Is. 28:15-18, "Because ye have said, We have made a covenant with death, and with hell are we at agreement; when the overflowing scourge shall pass through, it shall not come nigh us: for we have made lies our refuge, and under falsehood have we hid ourselves: therefore thus saith the Lord God, Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation a stone, a tried stone, a precious corner stone, a sure foundation: he that believeth shall not make haste. Judgment also will I lay to the line, and righteousness to the plummet: and the hail shall sweep away the refuge of lies, and the waters shall overflow the hiding place. And your covenant with death shall be disannulled," etc.; v. 20, "For the bed is shorter than that a man can stretch himself on it: and the covering narrower than that he can wrap himself in it"; Is. 50:10-11, "let him that walketh in darkness, and hath no light, trust in the name of the Lord, and stay upon his God. Behold, all ye that kindle a fire, that compass yourselves about with sparks: walk in the light of your fire, and in the sparks that ye have kindled. This shall ye have of mine hand; ye shall lie down in sorrow"; Hos. 13:9-10, "O Israel, thou hast destroyed thyself; but in me is thy help. I will be thy king; where is any other that may save thee in all thy cities? and of thy judges of whom thou saidst, Give me a king and princes?"; Hos. 14:3, "Asshur shall not save us; we will not ride upon horses: neither will we say any more to the work of our hands, Ye are our gods: for in thee the fatherless findeth mercy." See §108.MS: "106." On the next line is an insertion in a different hand: "Write the Corol. on next page over again immediately after this."

Corol. Here is a great confirmation of what was before observed, that the Messiah is God, seeing it is so that the prophecies do thus represent that the vanity of all trust in any mere man, or anything else for salvation, but God, will be with great clearness revealed and much insisted on in the days of the Messiah. Hence surely the Messiah himself, whom the prophecies do everywhere represent as the great Savior of his people, and speak of as the object of their trust, must be God and not a mere man, and his arm no arm of flesh. (See §14, especially the paragraph beginning at this mark *.)In sec. 14, there is a corresponding cue mark and cross reference before the paragraph beginning, "Again, it is an evidence that the Messiah is God, that we are directed to trust in him . . ."

107."107" written over "105." The prophecies do represent that God, in the days of the Messiah's kingdom, would wonderfully glorify his free grace, without regard to man's righteousness, and that those that should have an interest in the blessings of the Messiah's kingdom should renounce all confidence in their own righteousness. Ps. 14:2-3, etc., "The Lord looked down from heaven upon the children of men, to see if there were any that did understand, and seek God. They are all gone aside, they all together became filthy: there is none that doth good, no, not one," etc.; vv. 6-7, "You have shamed the counsel of the poor, because the Lord is his refuge. Oh that the salvation of Israel were come out of Zion!"; we have again almost the same words, Ps. 53[:5-6]; Is. 64:6-8, "But we are all as an unclean thing, and all our righteousnesses are as filthy rags; and we all do fade as a leaf; and our iniquities, like the wind, have taken us away. And there is none that calleth upon thy name, that stirreth up himself to take hold of thee: for thou hast hid thy face from us, and hast consumed us, because of our iniquities. But now, O Lord, thou art our father; we are the clay, and thou art our potter; and we are all the work of thy hand"; Is. 48:8-11, "Yea, thou heardst not; yea, thou knowest not; yea, from that time that thine ear was not opened: for I knew that thou wouldst deal very treacherously, and wast called a transgressor from the womb. For my name's sake will I defer mine anger, and for my praise will I refrain for thee, that I cut thee not off. Behold, I have refined thee, but not with silver; I have chosen thee in the furnace of affliction. For mine own sake, even for mine own sake, will I do it: for how should my name be polluted? and I will not give my glory unto another"; Is. 55:1, "Ho, every one that thirsteth, come ye to the waters, and he that hath no money; come ye, buy, and eat; yea, come, buy wine and milk without money and without price"; Ezek. 20:44, "And ye shall know that I am the Lord, when I have wrought for my name's sake, not according to your wicked ways, nor according to your corrupt doings, O ye house of Israel, saith the Lord God"; Ezek. 36:20-22, "And when they entered unto the heathen, whitherMS: "whether."JE consistently renders "whither" as "whether." they went, they profaned my holy name, when they said, These are the people of the Lord, and are gone forth out of his land. But I had pity for my holy name, which the house of Israel had profaned among the heathen, whither they went. Therefore say unto the house of Israel, Thus saith the Lord God; I do not this for your sakes, O house of Israel, but for my holy name's sake, which ye have profaned among the heathen, whither ye went"; v. 32, "Not for your sakes do I this, saith the Lord God, be it known unto you: be ashamed and confounded for your own ways, O house of Israel"; Hos. 13:9, "O Israel, thou hast destroyed thyself; but in me is thine help"; Hos. 14:1-2, "O Israel, return thou unto the Lord thy God; for thou hast fallen by thy iniquity. Take with you words, and turn to the Lord: and say unto him, Take away all iniquity, and receive us graciously"; v. 4, "I will heal their backsliding, I will love them freely"; Zeph. 3:11-12, "In that day thou shalt not be ashamed for all thy doings, wherein thou hast transgressed against me: for then will I take away out of the midst of thee them that rejoice in thy pride, and thou shalt no more be haughty because of my holy mountain. I will also leave in the midst of thee an afflicted and poor people, and they shall trust in the name of the Lord."

108."108" written over "106." It was foretold that the great and glorious things that should be brought to pass in the days of the Messiah's kingdom for God's people, should not be accomplished at all by human might or power, but merely by the power of God. Zech. 4:6-7, "Then he answered and spake unto me, saying, This is the word of the Lord unto Zerubbabel, saying, Not by might, nor by power, but by my spirit, saith the Lord of hosts. Who are thou, O great mountain? before Zerubbabel thou shalt become a plain: and he shall bring forth the headstone thereof with shoutings, crying, Grace, grace unto it"; Ps. 80:1-3, "Give ear, O Shepherd of Israel, thou that leadest Joseph as a flock; thou that dwellest between the cherubims, shine forth. Before Ephraim and Benjamin and Manasseh stir up thy strength, and come and save us. Turn us again, and cause thy face to shine; and we shall be saved"; so likewise, vv. 7 and 19; Is. 26:12, "Lord, thou wilt ordain peace for us: for thou also hast wrought all our works in us"; Dan. 2:34-35, "Thou sawest till that a stone was cut out without hands, which smote the image," etc.; vv. 44-45, "In the days of these kings shall the God of heaven set up a kingdom, . . . Forasmuch as thou sawest that a stone was cut out of the mountains without hands," etc.; Hos. 13:9-10, "O Israel, thou hast destroyed thyself; but in me is thine help. I will be thy king: where is any other that may save thee"; Hos. 14:3, "Asshur shall not save [us; . . .] neither will we ride upon horses"; Mic. 4:6-7, "In that day, saith the Lord, will I assemble her that halteth, and I will gather her that is driven out, and her that I have afflicted; and I will make her that halteth a remnant, and her that was cast off a strong nation." See more things of the same import in §106; see also §110.MS: "§104. see also §108."

109."109" written over "107." The prophecies do represent the weapons by which the Messiah should conquer the nations and deliver his people, not to be carnal but spiritual, and particularly the main weapon to be the word of God. Zech. 9:13-15, "When I have bent Judah for me, and filled the bow with Ephraim, and raised up thy sons, O Zion, against thy sons, O Greece, and made thee as the sword of a mighty man. And the Lord shall be seen over them, and his arrow shall go forth as the lightning: and the Lord God shall blow the trumpet, and shall go with whirlwinds of the south. The Lord of hosts shall defend them; and they shall devour, and subdue with sling stones"; Is. 11, at the beginning, "And there shall come forth a rod out of the stem of Jesse"; v. 4, "and he shall smite the earth with the rod of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips shall he slay the wicked"; with Ps. 110:2, "The Lord shall send the rod of thy strength out of Zion"; Ps. 138:4, "All the kings of the earth shall praise thee, O Lord, when they shall hear the words of thy mouth"; Is. 49:2, "And he hath made my mouth like a sharp sword; in the shadow of his hand hath he hid me, and made me a polished shaft; in his quiver hath he hid me"; Is. 51:16, "And I have put my words in thy mouth, and covered thee in the shadow of my hand, that I may plant the heavens, and lay the foundation of the earth, and say unto Zion, Thou art my people."

110."110" written over "108." All the godliness of the redeemed by the Messiah, is represented in the prophecies as being wholly of the efficacious operation of God's Spirit and sovereign grace. Ps. 80:3, "Turn us again, O God, and cause thy face to shine; and we shall be saved"; and the same words again, v. 7 and v. 19; vv. 14-18, "Return, we beseech thee, O God of hosts: look down from heaven, and behold, and visit this vine; and the vineyard which thy right hand hath planted, . . . So will we not go back from thee: quicken us, and we will call upon thy name." In these last words, God's people's so much as calling upon [God], and calling for mercy, is represented as being the fruit of divine efficacy and quickening, as it also is, Zech. 12:10, "And I will pour upon the house of David, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the spirit of grace and of supplications: and they shall look upon me whom they have pierced, and they shall mourn"; Jer. 31:18, "turn thou me, and I shall be turned"; Ps. 110:3, "Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power, in the beauties of holiness"; Is. 4:4, "When the Lord shall have washed away the filth of the daughters of Zion, and shall have purged the blood of Jerusalem from the midst thereof by the spirit of judgment, and by the spirit of burning"; Is. 26:7-12, "The way of the just is uprightness: . . . With my soul have I desired thee in the night; . . . when thy judgments are in the earth, the inhabitants of the world will learn righteousness. . . . Let favor be showed to the wicked, yet will he not learn righteousness; in the land of uprightness will he deal unjustly, and will not behold the majesty of the Lord. Lord, when thy hand is lifted up, they will not see: . . . Lord, thou wilt ordain peace for us: for thou hast wrought all our works in us"; Is. 57:18, "I have seen his ways, and will heal him: I will lead him also, and restore comforts unto him"; ch. 60:21, "Thy people shall be all righteous: they shall inherit the land for ever, the branch of my planting, the work of my hands, that I may be glorified"; ch. 64:5-8, "Thou meetest him that rejoiceth and worketh righteousness, those that remember thee in thy ways: behold, thou art wroth; for we have sinned: in those is continuance, and we shall be saved. But we are all as an unclean thing, . . . And there is none that calleth upon thy name, . . . But now, O Lord, thou art our father; we are the clay, and thou our potter; we are all the work of thy hand"; Jer. 31:33-34, "I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their God, and they shall be my people. And they shall teach no moreMS: "man." every man his neighbor," etc.; ch. 32:40, "And I will make an everlasting covenant with them, that I will not turn away from them, to do them good; but I will put my fear in their hearts, that they shall not depart from me"; Ezek. 36:26-27, "A new heart also will I give you, and a new spirit will I put within you: and I will take away the stony heart out of your flesh, and I will give you an heart of flesh. And I will put my spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes, and ye shall keep my judgments, and do them"; ch. 37:4-5, "O ye dry bones, hear the word of the Lord. Thus saith the Lord God unto these bones; Behold, I will cause breath to enter into you, and ye shall live," taken with v. 14, "And shall put my spirit in you, and ye shall live," and Hos. 14:2, "Take away all iniquity, and receive us graciously"; v. 4, "I will heal their backslidings, and love them freely"; v. 5, "I will be as the dew unto Israel: he shall grow as the lily"; v. 8, "Ephraim shall say, What have I to do any more with idols? I have heard him, and observed him: I am like a green fir tree. From me is thy fruit found."

111."111" written over "109." As by the representation of the prophecies of the Old Testament, in the days of the Messiah's kingdom it would not be a being of the nation of Israel, but a being righteous and holy that be what should cause persons to be of God's people in the Messiah's days, as has been shown, §101 and 102. And the prophecies do represent that holiness or righteousness to be wholly of the efficacious operation of God's Spirit, as was shown in the last section. So the prophecies do moreover represent that those that are of the people of God, or his Israel, in the times of the Messiah, will not be so byMS: "my." natural birth or external descent from Israel; but by some spiritual birth, whereby persons of the nation of Israel, or other nations, are immediately created of God, and spiritually born of God and descended of Israel. Ps. 87:4-7, "I will make mention of Rahab and Babylon to them that know me: behold Philistia, and Tyre, with Ethiopia; this man was born there. And of Zion it shall be said, This and that man was born in her: and the highest himself shall establish her. The Lord shall count, when he writeth up the people, that this man was born there. As well the singers as the players on instruments shall be there: all my springs are in thee." Compare this last verse with Ps. 68:25-26, "The singers went before, the players on instruments followed after; amongst them were the damsels playing with timbrels. Bless ye the Lord in the congregation, even the Lord, from the fountain of Israel;" Is. 44:1-5, "Yet hear now, O Jacob my servant; and Israel, whom I have chosen: thus saith the Lord that made thee, and formed thee from the womb, which will help thee; Fear not, O Jacob, my servant; and thou, Jesurun, whom I have chosen. For I will pour water upon him that is thirsty, and floods upon the dry ground: I will pour my spirit upon thy seed, and my blessing upon thine offspring: and they shall spring up as among the grass, as willows by the water courses. One shall say, I am the Lord's; and another shall call himself by the name of Jacob; and another shall subscribe with his hand unto the Lord, and surname himself by the name of Israel"; Ps. 22:30, "A seed shall serve him; it shall be accounted to the Lord for a generation. They shall come, and declare his righteousness to a people that shall be born, that he hath done this"; Ps. 102:18, "This shall be written for the generation to come: and the people which shall be created shall praise the Lord"; Is. 43:5-7, "I will bring thy seed from the east, and gather thee from the west; I will say to the north, Give up; and to the south, Keep not back: bring my sons from far, and my daughters from the ends of the earth; even every one that is called by my name: for I have created him for my glory, I have formed him; yea, I have made him"; vv. 20-22, "The beasts of the field shall honor me, the dragons and the owls: because I give waters in the wilderness, and rivers in the desert, to give drink to my people, my chosen. This people have I formed for myself; they shall show forth my praise. But thou hast not called upon me, O Jacob; thou hast been weary of me, O Israel"; Is. 29:22-23, "Therefore thus saith the Lord, who redeemed Abraham, concerning the house of Jacob, Jacob shall not now be ashamed, neither shall his face now wax pale. But when he seeth his children, the work of my hands, in the midst of him, they shall sanctify my name"; with vv. 17-18, "Is it not yet a very little while, and Lebanon shall be turned into a fruitful field, and the fruitful field shall be esteemed as a forest? And in that day shall the deaf hear the words of the book, and the eyes of the blind shall see out of obscurity, and out of darkness," together with the context, that speaks of God's rejection of the Jews; Is. 49:20-23, "The children which thou shalt have, after thou hast lost the other, shall say in thine ears, The place is too strait for me: give place to me that I may dwell. Then shalt thou say in thine heart, Who hath begotten me these, seeing I have lost my children, and am a captive, and removing to and fro? and who hath brought up these? Behold, I was left alone, these; where, had they been? Thus saith the Lord God, Behold, I will lift up my hand to the Gentiles, and set up my standard to the people: and they shall bring thy sons in their arms, and thy daughters shall be carried upon their shoulders. And kings shall be thy nursing fathers, and their queens thy nursing mothers"; Is. 63:16-17, "Doubtless thou art our father, though Abraham be ignorant of us, and Israel acknowledge us not: thou, O Lord art, our father, our redeemer; thy name is everlasting. O Lord, why hast thou made us to err from thy ways, and hardened our heart from thy fear? Return for thy servants' sake, the tribes of thine inheritance."

Those here spoken of, are represented as not of the natural posterity of Abraham and Israel, and yet of the tribes of God's inheritance, by being God's children. Is. 60:21, "Thy people also shall be all righteous: they shall inherit the land for ever, the branch of my planting, the work of my hands, that I may be glorified"; ch. 61:3, "that they might be called trees of righteousness, the planting of the Lord, that he might be glorified"; Is. 64:8, "But now, O Lord, thou art our father; we are the clay, and thou our potter; and we all are the work of thy hand"; Is. 54:1-5,

Sing, O barren, thou that didst not bear; break forth into singing, thou that didst not travail with child: for more are the children of the desolate than the children of the married wife, saith the Lord. Enlarge the place of thy tent, and let them stretch forth the curtains of thine habitation: spare not, lengthen thy cords, strengthen thy stakes; for thou shalt break forth on the right hand and on the left; and thy seed shall inherit the Gentiles, and make the desolate cities to be inhabited. Fear not; for thou shalt not be ashamed: neither be thou confounded; for thou shalt not be put to shame: for thou shalt forget the shame of thy youth, and shalt not remember the reproach of thy widowhood any more. For thy Maker is thy husband; [. . .] and thy Redeemer the Holy One of Israel; The God of the whole earth shall he be called.

Here God is represented as the husband, and the church as his wife, and particular persons that shall turn to God as their children, having God for their father and the church for their mother; and the greatest number of these children are represented as the children of her that had been barren and was desolate, who has more children than she that was first God's married wife; and God is their father and owns them for his children, as he is called "The God of the whole earth," or of all nations. Is. 66:8, "Who hath heard such a thing? who hath seen such things? Shall the earth be made to bring forth in one day? shall a nation be born at once? for as soon as Zion travailed, she brought forth her children." It would be absurd to understand this of any other, than some spiritual and mystical birth.

112."112" written over "110." 'Tis evident by the prophecies that this spiritual birth, spoken of in the last section, whereby they are begotten and created of God and become his people in the days of the Messiah, is no other than the work of God's Spirit upon their hearts, renewing them and writing God's law in them, and making them of sinful to become righteous and holy. This is evident from what has been already observed: for it is shown in the last section that persons become God's people, not by being of any particular nation, but by being thus spiritually begotten and born; and in §101 and 102 it was shown that, according to the prophecies, persons in the Messiah's days don't become God's people by being of any particular nation, but by being righteous and holy, and that all that are so are such, of what nation [soever], thereby are God's people, and that only those that are such, though of the nation of Israel, are God's people; and it has been shown, §110, that all the godliness of God's people is represented in the prophecies as being wholly of the efficacious and sovereign operation of God's Spirit. Putting these things together, it follows that that spiritual work of God, whereby he forms persons, and creates them and makes them asMS: "is." his people, is his work in renewing and sanctifying their hearts. But this is more particularly manifest in the following places: Is. 60:21, "Thy people also shall be all righteous: they shall inherit the land for ever, the branch of my planting, the work of my hands, that I may be glorified"; ch. 61:3, "that they may be called trees of righteousness, the planting of the Lord, that he might be glorified." These texts show that this is that wherein God's people are the work of his hands, and trees of his planting: viz. that he makes them righteous. Ezek. 36:26-28, "A new heart also will I give you, and a new spirit will I put within you: and I will take away the stony heart out of your flesh, and I will give you an heart of flesh. And I will put my spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutues, and ye shall keep my judgments, and do them. And ye shall dwell in the land that I gave unto your fathers; and ye shall be my people, and I will be your God." Here it is evident that the work of God upon them, and that spiritual new-creating them, by which they become his people, is his giving them a new heart, etc. This is called a creating. Ps. 51[:10], "Create in me a clean heart, O God; renew in me a right spirit."

The same way of God's forming persons to be his people in the days of the Messiah, is represented in Jer. 31:33-34, "I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their God, and they shall be my people. And they shall teach no more every man his neighbor, saying, Know the Lord," etc.; or in Jer. 32:38-40, "And they shall be my people, and I will be their God: and I will give them one heart, and one way, that they may fear me . . . I will put my fear in their hearts," etc.; Is. 64:4-8, "since the beginning of the world men have not heard, . . . what God hath prepared for him that waiteth for him. Thou meetest him that rejoicest and worketh righteousness, those that remember thee in thy ways: . . . But we are all as an unclean thing, . . . And there is none that calleth upon thy name, . . . But now, O Lord, thou art our father; we are the clay, and thou our potter; we are all the work of thy hand." Here first is represented how persons must be qualified in order to be God's people, and the subjects of the blessings of the Messiah's kingdom, viz. that they should be holy and righteous; and then this people confess how far they are from this in themselves; and then they show how, notwithstanding, they become the subjects of these great privileges, viz. by being begotten of God and being the work of his hands: which, with what went before, implies that they are thus begotten of God, by being made holy and righteous by him.

This new creation consists in giving sight to the blind, and understanding to the ignorant, according to the representation given in Is. (which, according to the usual phraseology of the Old Testament, and especially of this book, signifies making the wicked righteous). Is. 43:6-8, "bring my sons from far, and my daughters from the ends of the earth; every one that is called by my name: for I have created him for my glory, I have formed him; yea, I have made him. Bring forth the blind people that have eyes, and the deaf that have ears"; Is. 29:17-19, "Is it not yet a very little while, and Lebanon shall be turned into a fruitful field, and the fruitful field shall be esteemed as a forest? And in that day shall the deaf hear the words of the book, and the eyes of the blind shall see out of obscurity, and out of darkness"; with vv. 22-23, "Jacob shall not be ashamed, . . . when he seeth his children, the work of my hands, in the midst of him, they shall sanctify my name, and sanctify the Holy One of Jacob, and shall fear the God of Israel."

This work of God in renewing the hearts of men in the Messiah's days, in some places 'tis represented as a new birth and new creation. So it is represented as a raising them from the dead, Ezek. 37:5, "Thus saith the Lord God unto these bones; I will cause breath to enter into you, and ye shall live"; with v. 14, "And shall put my spirit in you, and ye shall live, and I shall place you in your own land"; with vv. 26-28 of the foregoing chapter, "A new heart also will I give you, . . . And I will put my spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes, and ye shall keep my judgments, and do them. And ye shall dwell in the land which I gave to your fathers."

113."113" written over "111." The prophecies do represent the people of God in the days of the Messiah as being distinguishingly privileged, in being admitted to an extraordinary nearness to God, a more intimate union, and more free and friendly access and converse; God treats them not so much as servants, but more as friends and children, and his dear spouse. Hos. 1:10, "and it shall come to pass, in the place where it was said unto them, Ye are not my people, it shall be said unto them, Ye are the sons of the living God"; ch. 2:16, "And it shall be at that day, saith the Lord, that thou shalt call me Ishi" (i. e. "my husband"); "and shalt call me no more Baali" (i. e. "my lord"); together with vv. 19-20, "And I will betroth thee unto me for ever; yea, I will betroth thee unto me in righteousness, and in judgment, and in lovingkindness, and in mercies. I will even betroth thee unto me in faithfulness; and thou shalt know the Lord"; Ps. 89:15, "Blessed is the people that know the joyful sound: they shall walk, O Lord, in the light of thy countenance." They that hear the sweet sound of the joyful trumpet of the gospel, that light of God's glory shall be easy, familiar and sweet to them, which was terrible to the church of Israel, who heard the sound of the trumpet at Mt. Sinai; and they shall see the glory of God's face, and dwell and walk in it, where Moses himself was but admitted to see God's backparts, and that but once as God passed by. So Is. 2:5, "O house of Jacob, come, let us walk in the light of the Lord"; Is. 52:8, "Thy watchmen shall lift up the voice; with the voice together shall they sing: for they shall see eye to eye, when the Lord shall bring again Zion"; Is. 60:19-20, "The sun shall be no more thy light by day; neither for brightness shall the moon give light unto thee: but the Lord shall be unto thee an everlasting light, and thy God thy glory. Thy sun shall no more go down; neither shall thy moon withdraw itself: for the Lord shall be thine everlasting light, and the days of thy mourning shall be ended"; Ps. 22:30, "A seed shall serve him; it shall be accounted to the Lord for a generation"; Is. 43:6, "bring my sons from far, and my daughters from the ends of the earth"; Jer. 3:19, "But I said, How shall I put thee among the children, and give thee a pleasant land, a goodly heritage of the hosts of nations? and I said, Thou shalt call me, My father; and shalt not turn away from me"; Jer. 31:9, "I will cause them to walk by the rivers of waters in a straight way, wherein they shall not stumble: for I am a father to Israel, and Ephraim is my firstborn"; Ps. 45:9, "upon thy right hand did stand the queen in gold of Ophir"; vv. 13-15, "The king's daughter is all glorious within: her clothing is of wrought gold. She shall be brought unto the king in raiment of needlework: the virgins her companions that follow her shall be brought unto thee. With gladness and rejoicing shall they be brought: they shall enter into the king's palace"; Is. 54:5, "For thy Maker is thy husband; the Lord of hosts is his name"; Jer. 3:14, "Turn, O backsliding children, saith the Lord; for I am married unto you"; Is. 63:16-17, "Doubtless thou art our father, though Abraham be ignorant of us, and Israel acknowledge us not: yet thou art our father, our redeemer"; ch. 64:8, "But now, O Lord, thou art our father"; Zeph. 3:17, "The Lord thy God in the midst of thee is mighty; he will save, he will rejoice over thee with joy; he will rest in his love, he will joy over thee with singing"; Is. 62:4-5, "Thou shalt no more be termed Forsaken; neither shall thy land any more be termed Desolate: but thou shalt be called Hephzibah, and thy land Beulah: for the Lord delighteth in thee, and thy land shall be married. For as a young man marrieth a virgin, so shall thy sons marry thee: and as the bridegroom rejoiceth over the bride, so shall thy God rejoice over thee"; Is. 66:13, "As one whom his mother comforteth, so will I comfort you"; Ezek. 37:26-27, "I will set my sanctuary in the midst of them for evermore. My tabernacle also shall be with them: yea, I will be their God, and they shall be my people"; Ezek. 48:35, "and the name of the city shall be called, The Lord is there"; Ps. 80:1, "Give ear, O Shepherd of Israel, thou that leadest Joseph as a flock; thou that dwellest between the cherubims, shine forth" (see notes on the place);"Blank Bible" note on Ps. 80:1, WJE 24:515. Is. 61:6, "ye shall be named the Priests of the Lord: men shall call you the Ministers of our God."

114."114" written over "112." According to the prophecies of the Old Testament, humility and meekness and poverty of spirit should be qualifications much insisted in those that should have the benefits of the Messiah's kingdom, and should be eminently the character of his people. Is. 57:15, "For thus saith the high and lofty One that inhabiteth eternity, whose name is Holy; I dwell in the high and holy place with him also that is of a contrite and humble spirit, to revive the spirit of the humble, and to revive the heart of the contrite ones"; Is. 66:1-2, "Thus saith the Lord, The heaven is my throne, and the earth is my footstool: where is the house that ye build unto me? and where is the place of my rest? . . . but to this man will I look, even to him that is poor and of a contrite spirit, and trembleth at my word"; Ps. 45:3-4, "Gird thy sword upon thy thigh, O most mighty, with thy glory and thy majesty. And in thy majesty ride prosperously because of truth, meekness," etc.; Ps. 22:26, "The meek shall eat and be satisfied"; Ps. 69:32, "The humble shall see this, and be glad"; Ps. 147:3, "He healeth the broken in heart, and bindeth up their wounds"; [v.] 6, "The Lord lifteth up the meek"; and 149:4,"For the Lord taketh pleasure in his people: he will beautify the meek with salvation"; Is. 11:4, "But with righteousness shall he judge the poor, and reprove with equity for the meek of the earth"; Is. 29:19, "The meek also shall increase their joy in the Lord, and the poor among men shall rejoice in the Holy One of Israel"; Is. 61:1, "The Spirit of the Lord God is upon me; because the Lord hath anointed me to preach good tidings to the meek; he hath sent me to bind up the brokenhearted"; Ps. 138:6, "Though the Lord be high, he hath respect unto the lowly: but the proud he knoweth afar off"; Zech. 9:9, "behold, thy King cometh . . . he is [. . .] lowly, and riding on an ass, and a colt the foal of an ass."

115."115" written over "113." According to the prophecies of the Old Testament, such was to be the nature of the Messiah's kingdom, that it should be eminently a kingdom of peace, love and charity. Is. 9:6-7, "his name shall be called [. . .] The Prince of Peace. Of the increase of his government and peace there shall be no end"; Ps. 72:3, "The mountains shall bring peace to the people"; v. 7, "In his days shall the righteous flourish; and abundance of peace so long as the moon endureth"; Is. 2:4, "And he shall judge among the nations, and rebuke many people: and they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruninghooks: nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more"; the same, in Mic. 4:3; Is. 11:6-9, "The wolf also shall dwell with the lamb, and the leopard shall lie down with the kid; and the calf and the young lion and the fatling together; and a little child shall lead them. And the cow and the bear shall feed; their young ones shall lie down together: and the lion shall eat straw like the ox. And the sucking child shall play on the hole of the asp, and the weaned child shall put his hand on the cockatrice' den. They shall not hurt nor destroy in all my holy mountain: for the earth shall be full of the knowledge of the Lord, as the waters cover the seas"; v. 13, "The envy also of Ephraim shall depart, and the adversaries of Judah shall be cut off: Ephraim shall not envy Judah, and Judah shall not vex Ephraim"; Jer. 3:18, "In those days the house of Judah shall walk with the house of Israel, and shall come together out of the land of the north"; Ezek. 37:16, etc., "Moreover, thou son of man, take thee one stick, and write upon it, For Judah, and for the children of Israel his companions: then take another stick, and write upon it, For Joseph, the stick of Ephraim, and all the house of Israel his companions: and join them one to another into one stick; and they shall become one in thine hand," etc.; Is. 65:25, "And the wolf and the lamb shall feed together, and the lion shall eat straw like the bullock: and dust shall be the serpent's meat. They shall not hurt nor destroy in all my holy mountain, saith the Lord"; Is. 19:23-25, "In that day shall there be an highway out of Egypt to Assyria, and the Assyrian shall come into Egypt, and the Egyptian into Assyria, and the Egyptians shall serve with the Assyrians. In that day shall Israel be the third with Egypt and with Assyria, even a blessing in the midst of the land: whom the Lord of hosts shall bless, saying, Blessed be Egypt my people, and Assyria the work of my hands, and Israel mine inheritance"; Is. 32:5, "The vile person shall no more be called liberal, nor the churl be said to be bountiful," with vv. 7-8, "The instruments of the churl are evil: he deviseth wicked devices to destroy the poor with lying words, even when the needy speaketh right. But the liberal deviseth liberal things; and by liberal things shall he stand," and vv. 17-18, "And the work of righteousness shall be peace; and the effect of righteousness quietness and assurance for ever. And my people shall dwell in a peaceable habitation"; Hos. 2:18, "And in that day will I make a covenant for them with the beasts of the field, and with the fowls of heaven, and with the creeping things of the ground: and I will break the bow and the sword and the battle out of the earth."

116."116" written over "114." It was foretold that when the Messiah should come, he should introduce a wonderful day of grace, wherein God should show him, in a peculiar manner, ready to show mercy to sinners of all kinds. Is. 55:1-9, "Ho, every one that thirseth, come ye to the waters, and he that hath no money; come ye, buy, and eat; yea, come, buy wine and milk without money and without price. Wherefore do ye spend money for that which is not good?KJV: "bread." and your labor for that which satisfieth not? hearken diligently unto me, and eat ye that which is good, and let your soul delight itself in fatness. Incline your ear, and come unto me: hear, and your soul shall live; and I will make an everlasting covenant with you, even the sure mercies of David. . . . thou shalt call a nation that thou knowest not, and nations which knew not thee shall run unto thee"; vv. 6-9, "Seek ye the Lord while he may be found, call ye upon him while he is near: let the wicked forsake his way, and the unrighteous man his thoughts: and let him return unto the Lord, and he will have mercy upon him; and to our God, and he will abundantly pardon. For my thoughts are not your thoughts, nor are your ways my ways, saith the Lord. For as the heavens are high above the earth, so are my ways higher than your ways, and my thoughts than your thoughts"; Ezek. 16:53, "When I shall bring again their captivity, the captivity of Sodom and her daughters, and the captivity of Samaria and her daughters, then will I bring again the captivity of thy captives in the midst of them"; v. 61, "Then thou shalt remember thy ways, and be ashamed, when thou shalt receive thy sisters, thine elder and thy younger: and I will give them unto thee for daughters"; Is. 60:11, "Therefore thy gates shall be open continually; they shall not be shut day nor night"; Is. 49:8-9,MS: "8. 8." "Thus saith the Lord, In an acceptable time have I heard thee, in a day of salvation have I helped thee: and I will preserve thee, and give thee for a covenant of the people, to establish the earth, to cause to inherit the desolate heritages; that thou mayst say to the prisoners, Go forth; to them that are in darkness, Show yourselves. They shall feed in the ways, and their pastures shall be in all high places"; Ps. 69:13, "in an acceptable time: O God, in the multitude of thy mercy hear me, in the truth of thy salvation"; Is. 61[:1], "The Spirit of the Lord God is upon me; because the Lord hath anointed me to preach good tidings [. . .], to proclaim liberty to the captives, and the opening of the prison to them that are bound; to proclaim the acceptable year of the Lord." The whole of §87MS: "86." might properly be brought in here, as showing that which I now speak of.

117."117" written over "115." It was foretold that in the time of the Messiah's kingdom, extraordinary provision should be made for the church with respect to her teachers. Jer. 3:15, "And I will give you pastors according to mine heart that shall feed you with knowledge and understanding"; Is. 30:20-21, "thy teachers shall not be removed into a corner any more, but thine eyes shall see thy teachers: and thine ears shall hear a word behind thee, saying, This is the way, walk in it, when ye turn to the right hand, and when ye turn to the left"; Jer. 23:4, "And I will set up shepherds over them which shall feed them." This is fulfilled in the church of Jesus Christ. The Law of Moses appointed that the Law should be read before all Israel, once in seven years; and the priests were to instruct the people out of the Law occasionally, when difficulties arose, and they were applied to and inquired of; and the prophets, that were extraordinary ministers that sometimes (but not always) appeared in Israel, and but one or but few at once in the whole land, were to declare the mind and will of God to the people as it was immediately revealed to them, and as they were directed by inspiration. But in the constitution of the Christian church, provision is made that there should be persons everywhere, whose constant business it should be from week to week to instruct and guide the people in things of religion, and to explain and apply the word of God; who should devote themselves wholly to this business, and spend and be spent in it. There was no such provision made for the church of Israel in the Law of Moses. Indeed, there was a much greater resemblance of the state of the Christian church in the synagogues of the Jewish church, after the return from the Babylonish captivity: that return being a resemblance of the redemption of the Messiah, and is often spoken of as such by the prophets.

118."118" written over "116." That God has not only extraordinarily manifested his mercy in his care for the salvation of the souls of men under the gospel, through the priests or ministers of the Christian church, but has also under this dispensation made special and peculiar provision for the relief of the bodies of his people, by an order of men appointed to be constantly upheld in the Christian church, to take care of the poor of his people and supply their wants, is agreeable to Ps. 132:15-16, "I will abundantly bless her provision: I will satisfy her poor with bread. I will also clothe her priests with salvation"; Ps. 68:10, "thou, O Lord, hast prepared of thy goodness for the poor"; Is. 41:17, "When the poor and needy seek water, and there is none, and their tongue faileth for thirst, I the Lord will hear them, I the God of Israel will not forsake them." Though these places do doubtless include other things, yet this that I am speaking of is agreeable to them, and seems to [be] one thing wherein they are fulfilled. The something seems to be signified by the large portion appointed for the priests in Ezekiel's vision, Ezek. 45:1-5 and 48:8-13.

119."119" written over "117." It seems to be foretold that public assemblies of God's people, to attend the ordinances of God's public worship, should be much more frequent in the times of the Messiah's kingdom, than they were of old in the church of Israel by the appointment of the Law of Moses. Is. 66:23, "And it shall come to pass, that from one new moon to another, and from one sabbath to another, shall all flesh come to worship before me, saith the Lord." How extraordinary a thing is [it] not only that all Israel but all mankind should come together to worship God, not only three times in the year, as was appointed to the children of Israel in the Law of Moses, but every month and every sabbath. Though the children of Israel were wont sometimes voluntarily to meet for religious purposes on their new moons and sabbaths at the prophets' houses and perhaps elsewhere, and after the captivity into Babylon (when the state of the Jewish church did more resemble the church in the Messiah's days) they were wont to meet every sabbath in their synagogues; yet there were no other assemblies appointed in the Law of Moses for attending the institutions of the public worship, but those that were in their three great feasts that returned annually.

120."120" written over "118." It was foretold that the ministration that should be introduced by the Messiah, should be eminently a ministration of the spirit, and that there should be a[n] extraordinary outpouring of the Spirit of God in those days. Joel 2:28, "And it shall come to pass in those days, that I will pour out my spirit upon all flesh"; v. 29, "And also upon the servants and upon the handmaids in those days will I pour out my spirit"; Is. 32:15, "Until the spirit be poured upon us from on high, and the wilderness be a fruitful field," etc.; Is. 44:3, "I will pour water upon him that is thirsty, and floods upon the dry ground: I will pour my spirit upon thy seed, and my blessing upon thine offspring"; ch. 45:8, "Drop down, ye heavens, from above, and let the skies pour down righteousness"; and 59:21, "As for me, this is my covenant with them, saith the Lord; My spirit that is upon thee, and my words which I have put in thy mouth, shall not depart out of thy mouth, nor out of the mouth of thy seed, nor out of the mouth of thy seed's seed, saith the Lord, from henceforth and for ever"; ch. 4:4, "When the Lord shall have washed away the filth of the daughter of Zion, and shall have purged the blood of Jerusalem from the midst thereof by the spirit of judgment, and by the spirit of burning"; Ezek. 36:27, "And I will put my spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes"; ch. 37:14, "And shall have put my spirit within you, and ye shall live, and I shall place you in your own land"; Ezek. 39:29, "Neither will I hide my face any more from them: for I have poured out my spirit upon the house of Israel, saith the Lord God"; Zech. 4:1-6, "And [. . .] I looked, [. . .] a candlestick all of gold, with a bowl upon the top of it, and his seven lamps thereon, and seven pipes to the seven lamps, which were upon the top thereof: and two olive trees by it, one upon the right side of the bowl, and the other upon the left side thereof. . . . Knowest thou not what these be? . . . This is the word of the Lord unto Zerubbabel, saying, Not by might, nor by power, but by my spirit, saith the Lord of hosts"; v. 12, "What be these two olive branches which through the two golden pipes empty the golden oil out of themselves?"

121."121" written over "119." It was foretold in the times of the Messiah's kingdom, inspiration and those miraculous gifts of the Spirit that used to be peculiar to the prophets, should become common among persons of all sorts, all nations, all ages and all degrees; not only among ministers but the common people, even the lowest and meanest of 'em. Joel 2:28-29, "And it shall come to pass afterward, that I will pour out my spirit upon all flesh; and your sons and your daughters shall prophecy, your old men shall dream dreams, your young men shall see visions: and also upon the servants and upon the handmaids in those days will I pour out my spirit."

122."122" written over "120." It was foretold that God would speak to the Jews in the days of the Messiah's kingdom in strange languages. Is. 28:11-12, "For with stammering lips and another tongue will he speak to this people. To whom he said, This is the rest wherewith ye may cause the weary to rest; yet they would not hear."

123."123" written over "121." It was foretold that there should be a vast increase of the number of God's people in the days of the Messiah's kingdom. Is. 26:15, "Thou hast increased the nation, O Lord, thou hast increased the nation: thou art glorified"; and 27:6, "He shall cause them that come of Jacob to take root: Israel shall blossom and bud, and fill the face of the world with fruit"; Is. 49:18-20, "Lift up thine eyes round about, and behold: all these gather themselves together, and come to thee. . . . For thy waste and thy desolate places, and the land of thy destruction, shall even now be too narrow by reason of the inhabitants, and they that swallowed thee up shall be far away. The children which thou shalt have, after thou hast lost the other, shall say again in thine ears, The place is too strait for me: give place to me that I may dwell"; ch. 54:1-3, "more are the children of the desolate than the children of the married wife, saith the Lord. Enlarge the place of thy tent, and let them stretch forth the curtains of thine habitations: spare not, lengthen thy cords, strengthen thy stakes; for thou shalt break forth on the right hand and on the left; thy seed shall inherit the Gentiles, and make the desolate cities to be inhabited"; Is. 60:4, "Lift up thine eyes round about, and see: all they gather themselves together, they come to thee: thy sons shall come from far, and thy daughters shall be nursed at thy side"; v. 8, "Who are those that fly as a cloud, as the doves to their windows?"; v. 22, "A little one shall become a thousand, and a small one a strong nation: I the Lord will hasten it in his time";A copyist drew a large asterisk at this point. Jer. 3:16-17, "And it shall come to pass, when ye be multiplied and increased in the land, . . . At that time they shall call Jerusalem the throne of the Lord; and all nations shall be gathered unto it"; ch. 31:27-28, "Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, that I will sow the house of Israel and the house of Judah with the seed of man, and the seed of beasts. And it shall come to pass, that like as I have watched over them, to pluck up, and to break down, and to throw down, and to destroy, and to afflict; so will I watch over them, to build, and to plant, saith the Lord"; Ezek. 36:37-38, "I will increase them with men like a flock. As the holy flock, as the flock of Jerusalem in her solemn feasts; so shall the waste cities be filled with flocks of men"; Ezek. 37:10, "and they lived, and stood up upon their feet, an exceeding great army"; Hos. 1:10, "Yet the number of the children of Israel shall be as the sand of the sea, which cannot be measured nor numbered"; Zech. 2:1-4, "I lift up mine eyes again, and looked, and behold a man with a measuring line in his hand. Then said I, Whither goest thou? And he said unto me, To measure Jerusalem, to see what is the length thereof, and the breadth thereof. . . . another angel . . . said, Speak to this young man, saying, Jeru[salem] shall be inhabited as towns without walls for the multitude of men and cattle therein." The same is signified by the vast dimensions of the court of the temple in Ezekiel, Ezek. 42:15 to the end; and of the portion of the sanctuary, ch. 45:1-6, 48:8-9; and of the city, ch. 48:30 to the end, Zech. 10:10, "I will bring them again out of the land of Egypt, and gather them out of Assyria; and I will bring them into the land of Gilead and Lebanon; and place shall not be found for them." In Ezek. 47, the waters of the sanctuary become a mighty river and have "a very great multitude of fish" [v. 9], even "as the fish of the great sea" [v. 10], and when they run into the sea, they change all the waters of the ocean to a likeness to themselves.

See more in future sections concerning the calling of the Gentiles, and their being of God's Israel.Secs. 134-139.

124."124" written over "122." It was foretold that God's people, thus increased, should not be confined to the land of Canaan, but should dwell all over the face of the earth. Is. 27:6, "He shall cause them that come of Jacob to take root: Israel shall blossom and bud, and fill the face of the world with fruit"; Is. 54:1-3, "more are the children of the desolate than the children of the married wife, saith the Lord. Enlarge the place of thy tent, and let them stretch forth the curtains of thy habitations: spare not, lengthen thy cords, and strengthen thy stakes. For thou shalt break forth on the right hand and on the left; and thy seed shall inherit the Gentiles"; Hos. 1:10, "Yet the number of the children of Israel shall be as the sand of the sea, which can not be measured nor numbered; and it shall come to pass, that in the place where it was said unto them, Ye are not my people, there it shall be said unto them, Ye are the sons of the living God"; Hos. 2:23, "And I will sow her unto me in the earth; and I will have mercy on her that had not obtained mercy; and I will say to them which were not my people, Thou art my people; and they shall say, Thou art my God"; Mic. 5:7, "And the remnant of Jacob shall be in the midst of many people as a dew from the Lord, and as showers upon the grass, that tarrieth not for man, nor waiteth for the sons of men."

See further in what may be observed hereafter concerning the calling of the Gentiles, and their being God's people.Secs. 134-139.

Dan. 2, the "stone cut out of the mountains without hands," is said to wax great, and to become "a great mountain, and fill the whole earth" [vv. 45, 35].

125."125" written over "123." It was foretold that the increase of the Messiah's kingdom and people should be small at first, and should rise to such a great multitude and vast extent, from small beginnings. In Ezek. 17:22-23, the Messiah at first is represented as a small twig, but gradually increasing, "bringing forth boughs and bearing fruit," till it becomes "a goodly cedar: and under it dwell all fowl of every wing; in the shadow of the branches thereof." So in Ezek. 47, the waters of the sanctuary are represented as being at first as a small spring, running out from under the threshold of the house, which by that time they had run a thousand cubits were to the ankles; and when they had run a thousand cubits more were to the knees; and when they had run a thousand more were to the loins; and a thousand more, and they were so risen that they were waters to swim in, a river that could not be passed over, having very "many trees on the one side and on the other," and a great multitude of fish, even "as the fish of the great sea"; and when they are brought forth into the sea, they change the water, even of the vast ocean, into a likeness to themselves. And in Dan. 2, "the stone cut out of the mountains without hands," is said to wax great, and become a "great mountain, and fill the whole earth" [vv. 45, 35]. And in Ps. 72:16, that fruit that shall be in such abundance as to "shake like Lebanon," is represented as coming from an handfull of seed: "There shall be an handful of corn in the earth upon the top of the mountains; the fruit thereof shall shake like Lebanon," compared with Is. 27:6, "He shall cause them that come of Jacob to take root: Israel shall blossom and bud, and fill the face of the world with fruit"; Is. 60:22, "A little one shall become a thousand, and a small one a strong nation."

See a future section concerning the multitude of converts among the Gentiles proceeding from a small remnant of the Jews, that should cleave to the Messiah.Possibly meaning sec. 144.

126."126" written over "124." It was foretold that the propagation of the Messiah's kingdom and interest, and the progress he should make in the work of his power, increasing the number of his people, should be exceeding swift. So is the increase of the waters of the sanctuary in Ezek. 47 represented as gradual, yet as wonderfully great and sudden: though they in their beginning were but a little spring, yet at the end of only one thousand cubits of their course, they were up to the ankles; at the end of a thousand more, up to the knees; at the end of the third thousand, up to the loins; at the end of the fourth, a river that could not be passed over: so that a small spring, in running but four thousand cubits, becomes a great river. See also Is. 66:8, "Who hath heard such a thing? who hath seen such things? Shall the earth be made to bring forth in one day? shall a nation be born at once? for as soon as Zion travailed, she brought forth her children."

127."127" written over "125." It was foretold that the Messiah should be greatly prospered in glorious displays of his power, vastly multiplying and increasing his people and willing subjects, in the early days of his kingdom. Ps. 110:1-3, "Sit thou on my right hand, till I make thine enemies thy footstool. The Lord shall send the rod of thy strength out of Zion: rule thou in the midst of thine enemies. Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power, in the beauties of holiness from the womb of the morning: thou hast the dew of thy youth."

128."128" written over "126." It was foretold that the continued endeavors of rulers and people in opposition to the Messiah, should be in vain, and should not avail to hinder the prevalency of his interest and kingdom. Ps. 2:1-6, "Why do the heathen rage, and the people imagine a vain thing? The kings of the earth set themselves," etc. "He that sitteth in the heavens shall laugh: the Lord shall have them in derision. . . . Yet have I set my king on my holy hill of Zion"; Ps. 110:1-2, "The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool. The Lord shall send the rod of thy strength out of Zion: rule thou in the midst of thine enemies"; Is. 54:15-17, "Behold, they shall surely gather together, but not by me: whosoever shall gather together against thee shall fall for thy sake. Behold, I have created the smith that bloweth the coals in the fire, . . . No weapon that is formed against thee shall prosper." And innumerable other places imply the same thing.

129."129" over "127." It was foretold, that in the days of the kingdom of the Messiah, the bigger part of the Jewish nation should be rejected from being God's people. Is. 65:1-2, etc., "I am sought of them that asked not for me; I am found of them that sought me not: I said, Behold me, behold me, unto a nation that was not called by my name. I have spread out my hands all the day unto a rebellious people, which walketh in a way that was not good, after their own thoughts"; v. 5, "Which say, Stand by thyself, come not near to me; for I am holier than thou"; vv. 13-15, "Therefore thus saith the Lord God, Behold, my servants shall eat, but ye shall be hungry: behold, my servants shall drink, but ye shall be thirsty: behold, my servants shall rejoice, but ye shall be ashamed: behold, my servants shall sing for joy of heart, but ye shall cry for sorrow of heart, and shall howl for vexation of spirit. And ye shall have your name for a curse unto my chosen: for the Lord God shall slay thee, and call his servants by another name"; ch. 66:4-5 (observing the connection), "I will also choose their delusions, and I will bring their fears upon them: because when I called, none did answer; when I spake, they did not hear: but they did evil before mine eyes, and chose that in which I delighted not. Hear the word of the Lord, ye that tremble at his word; Your brethren that hated you, that cast you out for my name's sake, said, Let the Lord be glorified: but he shall appear to your joy, and they shall be ashamed"; Deut. 32:18, etc., "Of the Rock that begat thee thou art unmindful, and hast forgotten God that formed thee. And when the Lord saw it, he abhorred them, . . . they are a froward generation, children in whom is no faith. They have moved me to jealousy with that which is not God; they have provoked me to anger with their vanities: and I will move them to jealousy with those which are not a people; I will provoke them to anger with a foolish nation"; Is. 49:4-5, "Then I said, I have labored in vain, I have spent my strength for nought, and in vain: yet surely my judgment is with the Lord, and my word with my God. And now, saith the Lord . . . Though Israel be not gathered, yet shall I be glorious in the eyes of the Lord"; vv. 20-22, "The children which thou shalt have, after thou hast lost the other, shall say in thine ears, The place is too strait for me: give place to me that I may dwell. Then shalt thou say in thine heart, Who hath begotten me these, seeing I have lost my children, . . . Thus saith the Lord, Behold, I will lift up my hand to the Gentiles"; Mal. 1:10-12, "I have no pleasure in you, saith the Lord, neither will I accept an offering at your hand. For from the rising of the sun even unto the going down of the same, my name shall be great among the Gentiles; and in every place incense shall be offered unto my name, and a pure offering: for my name shall be great among the heathen, saith the Lord of hosts. But ye have profaned it, in that ye say, The table of the Lord is polluted"; Hos. 1:9-10, "Call his name Lo-ammi: for ye are not my people, and I will not be your God. Yet shall the number of the children of Israel be as the sand of the sea, which cannot be measured nor numbered; and it shall come to pass, that in the place where it was said unto them, Ye are not my people, there shall it be said unto them, Ye are the sons of the living God"; Is. 28:11, etc., "For with stammering lips and another tongue will he speak unto this people. To whom he said, This is the rest wherewith ye shall cause the weary to rest; and this is the refreshing: yet they would not hear. But the word of the Lord was unto them precept upon precept, . . . that they might go, and fall backward, and be broken, and snared, and taken"; Is. 29:9, etc., "Stay yourselves, and wonder; . . . For the Lord hath poured out upon you the spirit of deep sleep, and hath closed your eyes: the prophets and your rulers, the seers hath he covered. And the vision of all is become unto you as the words of a book that is sealed"; v. 14, "Therefore, behold, I proceed to do a marvelous work among this people, . . . for the wisdom of their wise men shall perish, and the understanding of their prudent men shall be hid"; vv. 16-17, "Surely your turning things upside down shall be esteemed as the potter's clay: . . . Is it not yet a very little while, and Lebanon shall be turned into a fruitful field, and the fruitful field shall be esteemed as a forest?"; Is. 32:15, "Until the spirit be poured upon us from on high, and the wilderness be a fruitful field, and the fruitful field be counted for a forest"; Is. 42:19-22, "Who is blind, but my servant? and deaf, as my messenger . . . Seeing many things, but thou observest not; . . . The Lord is well pleased for his righteousness' sake; . . . But this is a people robbed and spoiled; they are all of them snared in holes, and they are hid in prison houses: they are for a prey, and none delivereth; for a spoil, and none saith, Restore"; Ps. 69:21, "They have me also gall for my meat; and in my thirst gave me vinegar to drink"; vv. 27-28, "let them not come into thy righteousness. Let them be blotted out of the book of the living, and not be written with the righteous." Agreeable to this, it was foretold by Zechariah, after the return from the Babylonish captivity, that a time was coming when the bigger part of the Jewish nation should be cast off from being God's covenant people, Zech. 11:9-11.At the end of entry, JE wrote: "next to this follows §130." Following is an insert in another hand: "p 98."

130.At the beginning of the entry, JE wrote: "This properly follows next after §129," renumbered 130. Inserted in a different hand: "p 95." It was foretold that the Jews, for their ill treatment of the Messiah, should be in a remarkable manner given over to blindness of mind, and to their own corruption and wickedness, to add sin to sin. Ps. 69:8-9, "I am become a stranger to my brethren, and an alien unto my mother's children. For the zeal of thine house hath eaten me up," with v. 21, "They gave me also gall for my meat; and in my thirst they gave me vinegar to drink," and v. 23, "Let their eyes be darkened, that they see not," and vv. 26-27, "For they persecute him whom thou hast smitten; and they talk to the grief of those whom thou hast wounded. Add iniquity to their iniquity: and let 'em not come into thy righteousness"; Is. 8:14-16, "And he shall be for a stone of stumbling and rock of offense to both the houses of Israel, . . . And many among them shall stumble, and fall, . . . Bind up the testimony, seal the law among my disciples"; Is. 28:13, "But the word of the Lord was unto them precept upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, and there a little; that they might go, and fall backward, and [be] broken, and snared, and taken," observing what goes before.

131."128[?]" deleted and "131" written beside it. It was foretold that the Jews, after they had rejected the Messiah and were rejected of God from being his people, should be given over to a very dreadful destruction. Is. 65:1-2, "I am sought of them that asked not for me; . . . I have spread out my hands all the day unto a rebelious people"; vv. 5-8, "Which say, Stand by thyself, . . . These are a smoke in my nose, a fire that burneth all the day. Behold, it is written before me: I will not keep silence, but will recompense, even recompense into their bosom, your iniquities, and the iniquities of your fathers together, . . . I will measure their former work into their bosom. . . . Thus saith the Lord, As the new wine is found in the cluster, . . . so I will not destroy them all"; v. 12, "Therefore will I number you to the sword, and ye shall all bow down to the slaughter"; v. 15, "The Lord God shall slay thee, and call his servants by another name"; Is. 8:10, "speak the word, and it shall not stand: for God is with us," or "for Immanuel" (referring to v. 14 of the foregoing chapter); and vv. 14-15, "And he shall be for a sanctuary but for a stone of stumbling and for a rock of offense to both the houses of Israel, for a gin and for a snare to the inhabitants of Jerusalem. And many among them shall stumble, and fall, and be broken, and be snared, and taken"; Is. 28:13, "But the word of the Lord was unto them precept upon precept, . . . that they might go, and fall backward, and be broken, and snared, and taken," with the context; vv. 17-18, "Judgment also will I lay to the line, and righteousness to the plummet: and the hail shall sweep away the refuge of lies, and the waters shall overflow the hiding place. And your covenant with death shall be disannulled, and your agreement with hell shall not stand; when the overflowing scourge shall pass through, then ye shall be trodden down by it," with the context.

A dreadful and general destruction of the Jewish nation is foretold by the prophet Zechariah, after the destruction by the Babylonians and after the return from the Babylonish captivity, Zech. 11.

See more places under the next section.

132."132" written over "129[?]." The manner and circumstances of this destruction of the Jews, was foretold with great particularity, as that it should be soon after the death of the Messiah. Dan. 9:26, "And after threescore and two weeks shall the Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city," etc.; Zech. 13:7, "Awake, O sword, against my shepherd, against the man that is my fellow, [. . .] smite the shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered: and I will turn mine hand upon the little ones."

That they should be punished and destroyed by being delivered up into the hands of men, by being a prey and spoil to their enemies. Is. 42:19-22, "Who is blind, but my servant? . . . But this is a people robbed and spoiled; they are all of them snared in holes, and they are hid in prison houses: they are for a prey, and none delivereth; for a spoil, and none saith, Restore"; Dan. 9:26, "the people of the prince . . . shall destroy the city," etc.; Is. 65:12, "Therefore will I number you to the sword, and ye shall all bow down to the slaughter"; Deut. 32:21, "I will provoke them to anger with a foolish nation"; v. 25, "The sword without, and terror within."

That the people that should destroy them, should be those that God designed to be the people of the Messiah, and his own people, in their room. Dan. 9:26, "and the people of the prince that shall come" (i. e. the prince spoken of in the foregoing verse), "or the prince's future people" (as it is in the margin),I.e. the margin of the KJV. "shall destroy the city"; Deut. 32:21-23, "I will move them to jealousy with those which are not a people; I will provoke them to anger with a foolish nation. For a fire is kindled in mine anger, it shall burn to the lowest hell, . . . I will heap mischief upon them"; v. 25, "The sword without."

That this destruction should be exceeding terrible, attended with amazing, dismal circumstance, and most evident and awful manifestations of the dreadful wrath of God. Deut 32:21-22, etc., "I will provoke them to anger with a foolish nation. For a fire is kindled in mine anger, and shall burn unto the lowest hell, and shall consume the earth with her increase, and set on fire the foundations of the mountains," and also the following verses; Is. 65:6-7, "I will [. . .] recompense, even recompense into their bosom. Your iniquities, and the iniquities of your fathers together"; vv. 14-15, "ye shall cry for sorrow of heart, and howl for vexation of spirit. And ye shall have your name for a curse unto my chosen"; Is. 28:19, "it shall be a vexation only to understand the report"; v. 21, "For the Lord shall rise up as in mount Perazim, he shall be wroth as in the valley of Gibeon, that he may do his work, his strange work; and bring to pass his act, his strange act," with the context; Ps. 69:21, 24, "They have me also gall for my meat; and in my thirst they gave me vinegar to drink. . . . Pour out thine indignation upon them, let thy wrathful anger take hold of them." See also Zech. 11:6.

That this should be a very complicated destruction, many dreadful calamities and miseries meeting upon them at once, to make them exceeding miserable, and that there should be a succession of amazing events following one another for a considerable time. Deut. 32:23-25, "I will heap mischiefs upon them; I will spend mine arrows upon them. They shall be burnt with hunger, and devoured with burning heat, and with bitter destruction: I will also send the teeth of beasts upon them, with the poison of serpents of the dust. The sword without, and terror within"; Is. 28:19, "From the time that it goeth forth it shall take you: for morning by morning shall it pass over, [. . .] and it shall be a vexation only to understand the report"; Ps. 69:23, "Let thine eyes be darkened, that they see not; and make their loins continually to shake."

That in the time of their destruction, they should be distressed with famine. Deut. 32:24, "They shall be burnt with hunger."

That they should be oppressed, tormented and destroyed by men that should be most brutish and unreasonable, and like ravenous wild beasts, and like serpents for malice and cruelty and the malignant venom of their spirits. Deut. 32:24, "I will send the teeth of beasts upon them, with the poison of serpents of the dust."

And that at the same time that they should be besieged by the enemy without and wasted by their sword, there should be nothing to be seen within but terrible miseries and awful spectacles of death and destruction. "The sword without, and terror within, shall destroy" [Deut. 32:25].

And that no regard should be had in the time of this terror and destruction by unreasonable and malicious men, to persons that should be most venerable for age, wisdom or authority, or the innocence and helplessness of little infants, or the most hopeful youth. Deut. 32:25, "The sword without, and terror within, shall destroy both young man and virgin, the suckling also and the man of grey hairs."

That fire should in many respects [be] made use of as the instrument of their destruction, is agreeable to Deut. 32:24, "They shall be devoured with burning heat"; in the original, "burning coals."

That in Ps. 69:21-22, "They gave me also gall for my meat; and in my thirst they gave me vinegar to drink. Let their table become a snare before them: and that which should have been for their welfare, let it become a trap," is remarkably agreeable with several circumstances of the destruction of Jerusalem, mentioned in Josephus' history.Josephus, History of the Jews. Particularly in God's making that great feast of the Passover, a trap and snare to them; the Romans taking the advantage of that season, when the people were gathered from all parts of the land and world to Jerusalem, to besiege them all together and pen 'em up in that city. Though formerly they had the benefit of God's special protection at those times, when they went up to Jerusalem to their three great feasts, and though this feast used to be so joyful to the church of Israel, being appointed on occasion of their deliverance out of bondage to the Egyptians; now it is made a trap by which the Romans take them and bring them into bondage, and bring on them vastly greater calamites than ever they suffered in Egypt. And their table was also made a trap to them, in that in the great famine they suffered, if any one was known to have provisions, it proved a snare to them, and exposed to be murdered by their neighbors for the sake of that provision. And as their having money about them, wherewith they might purchase the necessities of life, exposed 'em to the Romans: agreeably to this, Josephus relates that the Romans ripped open the bowels of two thousand of the Jews in one night who fled out of Jerusalem, upon a report that they had swallowed gold (as many of them had).Josephus, Bellum Judaicum, Bk. 7. JE cites this incident in "Miscellanies," no. 972, WJE 20:264.

It was foretold that the city of Jerusalem, should especially be the seat and subject of this amazing destruction. Dan. 9:26, "and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city"; Is. 8:14, "And he shall be for a [. . .] stone of stumbling and for a rock of offense to both the houses of Israel, for a gin and for a snare to the inhabitants of Jerusalem"; Is. 28:14, "Wherefore hear ye the word of the Lord, ye scornful men, that rule this people which is in Jerusalem"; vv. 17-18, "the hail shall sweep away the refuge of lies, . . . And your covenant with death shall be disannulled," with the context.

It was foretold that this destruction shall remarkablyMS: "remarkable." fall upon the sanctuary, to the utter destroying it and laying it waste and desolate, and all that appertained to it. Dan. 9:26-27, "they shall destroy the city and sanctuary . . . in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate."

And that this destruction should be a sweeping destruction, that the bigger part of the nation should perish in it, and the land be made desolate by it. Dan. 9:26, "they shall destroy the city and sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined"; Is. 65:12, "Therefore will I number you to the sword, and ye shall all bow down to the slaughter"; Is. 28:17-18, "Judgment also will I lay to the line, and righteousness to the plummet: and the hail shall sweep away the refuge of lies, and the waters shall overflow the hiding place. . . . when the overflowing scourge shall pass through, then ye shall be trodden down by it." See also Zech. 11:1-3, Ps. 69:25, "Let their habitation be desolate; and let none dwell in their tents." See Matt. 23:38, "your house is left unto you desolate," and Luke 13:35.

That there should be many awful appearances in the city and temple beforehand, remarkably threatening and foreboding this destruction, is agreeable to Is. 66:6, "A voice of noise from the city, a voice from the temple, a voice of the Lord that rendereth recompense to his enemies," observing the connection with what precedes in this and the foregoing chapters. How agreeable is this in Isaiah to that which Josephus relates of the cry of the plain countrymen against Jerusalem, before it was besieged: "A voice from the east! a voice from the west! a voice from the four winds! a voice against Jerusalem and the temple! a voice against bridegrooms and brides! a voice against the people!"Josephus Flavius, Bellum Judaicum, Bk. 7. JE cites this passage in "Miscellanies," no. 972, WJE 20:259.

It was foretold that those of the unbelieving Jews that should remain and survive this destruction, should be scattered over the world. Deut. 32:26, "I said, I would scatter them into corners"; Zech. 13:7, "Awake, O sword, against my shepherd, and against the man that is my fellow, saith the Lord of hosts: smite the shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered." How remarkable and wonderful an agreement there is between all these things, and Josephus' history of the destruction of Judea by the Romans, see "Miscellanies," no. 977.WJE 20:287-88.

It seems to be intimated that after this destruction, the city and sanctuary and land should lie desolate a long time. Dan. 9:26-27, "they shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and [unto] the end of the war desolations are determined (and he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate),No parentheses appear around the previous passage in KJV; JE may have felt that the original Hebrew justified a parenthetical statement. even until the consummation."

That the people should be so remarkably blinded with regard to those things that tended to their preservation, and infatuated to take those courses that tended to their destruction and to complete their own misery, as Josephus gives an account, is agreeable to Ps. 69:23, "Let their eyes be darkened, that they see not; and make their loins continually to shake."JE wrote: "** see further p. 142." The remainder of the entry has been moved from MS pp. 142-43.

It was foretold that this second destruction of the Jews, would be after they had greatly provoked God by persecuting his saints, a small, poor remnant among them that cleaved to God; and particularly after this poor remnant had been greatly and cruelly persecuted by the shepherds, or the civil and ecclesiastical rulers of the land, who should persecute them under a religious pretense, as though they did God service in it. Zech. [11:]1-6, "Open thy doors, O Lebanon, that the fire may devour thy cedars"; vv. 4-6, "Thus saith the Lord my God; Feed the flock of the slaughter; whose possessors slay them, and hold themselves not guilty: and they that sell them say, Blessed be the Lord; for I am rich: and their own shepherds pity them not. For I will no more pity the inhabitants of the land," etc.

It was foretold that in this destruction many of them should be cut off by the sword of their enemies, and many should die not by the immediate hand of men, and that many others of them should die by murdering one another. Zech. 11:9, "Then said I, I will not feed you: that which dieth, let it die; and that that is to be cut off, let it be cut off; and let the rest eat every one the flesh one of another."

It was foretold that a very great part of the misery and destruction that should be brought upon them, should be by their destroying one another, and particularly by their falling a prey to the lusts and cruelty of their rulers and leaders. Zech. 11:6, "For I will no more pity the inhabitants of the land, saith the Lord: but, lo, I will deliver the men every one into his neighbor's hand, and into the hand of his king: and they shall smite the land, and out of their hand I will not deliver them."

It was foretold that this destruction should be attended with a remarkable division of the people into different and opposite parties, that should be at war one with another. Zech. 11:14, "Then I cut asunder mine other staff, even Bands, that I might break the brotherhood between Judah and Israel."

That they should have at that time shepherds that should be exceeding unfaithful, wicked, covetous and cruel, that should greatly neglect the flock, not at all taking care of its welfare, but greedily devouring the wealth of the people. Vv. 15-16, "And the Lord said unto me, Take unto thee the instruments of a foolish shepherd. For, lo, I will raise up a shepherd in the land, who shall not visit those that be cut off, neither shall seek the young one, nor heal that which was broken, nor feed that which standeth still: but he shall eat the flesh of the fat, and tear their claws in pieces."

That the people at the time of their destruction did so devour one another, robbing each other, violently robbing [one] another, killing those with whom were found provisions and violently falling on what they had, snatching the food out of one another's mouths, and literally eating the flesh one of another in so many instances, yea, of their nearest relations, was remarkably agreeable to Zech. 11:9, "and let the rest eat every one the flesh one of another."

That the wicked leaders of the people were at the time of this destruction miserably destroyed, and that their teachers and leaders afterwards were given up to such blindness and stupidity, and were rendered so impotent and so deprived of their authority and strength and ability to [do] anything to help themselves or their people, and their remaining so impotent and despicable for so many ages, is agreeable to Zech. 11:8, "Three shepherds also I cut off in one month; and my soul loathed them, and their soul abhorred me"; and v. 17, "Woe to the idol shepherd that leaveth the flock! the sword shall be upon his arm, and his right eye: his arm shall be clean dried up, and his eye shall be utterly darkened."

That the destruction of Jerusalem was after Christ's being sold among the Jews for 30 pieces of silver, and the money given to the potter, is remarkably agreeable to Zech. 11, vv. 12-13, with the context.

It was foretold that at the time of this destruction of the Jews, a small number of this nation, that are poor and persecuted, should cleave to God, and should at that time be mercifully taken care of by him. Zech. 11:7, "And I will feed the flock of the slaughter, even you, O poor of the flock"; v. 11, "so the poor of the flock that waited on me knew that it was the word of the Lord"; v. 4, "Feed the flock of the slaughter."

133."133" written over "131." At the beginning of the entry, JE wrote: "This next after §132]." Insert in a different hand: "p. 95." According to the prophecies, the sins for which that people should be rejected from being God's people, and so given over to blindness of mind and hardness of heart, and at last so terribly destroyed, would be their unbelief, pride, self-righteousness, exalting themselves as better than others, their notorious hypocrisy and superstition, teaching for doctrines the commandments of men, and their perverseness and obstinacy in these things, attended with a persecuting spirit and practice. Deut. 32:18, "Of the Rock that begat thee thou art unmindful"; v. 20, "they are a froward generation, children in whom is no faith," with vv. 21, etc., "I will move them to jealousy with those which are not a people; . . . I will heap mischief upon them," etc.; Is. 28:11-12, "This people to whom he said, This is the rest wherewith ye shall cause the weary to rest; and this is the refreshing: yet they would not hear"; vv. 14-15, "hear ye the word of the Lord, ye scornful men, that rule this people which is in Jerusalem. Because ye said, We have made a covenant with death, and with hell are we at agreement"; vv. 17, etc., "Judgment will I lay to the line," etc.; Is. 26:10-11, "Let favor be showed to the wicked, yet will he not learn righteousness; in the land of uprightness will he deal unjustly, and will not behold the majesty of the Lord. Lord, when thy hand is lifted up, they will not see: but they shall see, and be ashamed for their envy at the people; yea, the fire of thine enemies shall devour them"; Is. 29:9, "Stay yourselves, and wonder: . . . the Lord hath poured out upon you the spirit of deep sleep, and hath closed your eyes: the prophets and your rulers, the seers hath he covered. . . . Forasmuch as this people draw near me with their mouth, and with their lips do honor me, [. . .] and their fear towards me is taught by the precept of men: . . . Surely your turning of things upside down shall be esteemed as the potter's clay: . . . Is it not yet a very little while, and Lebanon shall be turned into a fruitful field, and the fruitful field shall be esteemed as a forest?"; Is. 33:12-14, "Hear, ye that are far off, what I have done; and ye that are near, acknowledge my might. The sinners in Zion are afraid; fearfulness hath surprized the hypocrites. Who among us shall dwell with the devouring fire?," etc.; Is. 42:19, etc., "Who is blind, but my servant? . . . Seeing many things, but thou observest not; . . . But this is a people robbed and spoiled," etc.; Is. 49:4-5, "I have labored in vain, . . . Israel is not gathered"; v. 7, "to him whom the nation abhorreth"; v. 20, "The children thou shalt have, after thou hast lost the other"; Is. 65:2, "I have spread out my hands all the day unto a rebellious people, which walketh in a way that was not good, after their own thoughts"; v. 5, "Which say, Stand by thyself, come not near to me; for I am holier than thou"; vv. 6-7, etc., "I will [. . .] recompense, even recompense into your bosom your iniquities," etc.; ch. 66:4-5, "I will also choose their delusions, and will bring their fears upon them; because when I called, none did answer; when I spake, they did not hear: but they did evil before mine eyes, and chose that in which I delighted not. Hear ye the word of the Lord, ye that tremble at his word; Your brethren that hated you, that cast you out for my name's sake, said, Let the Lord be glorified: but he shall appear to your joy, and they shall be ashamed."

But the prophecies represent it as being especially for their cruel treatment of the Messiah. Ps. 69:21, etc., "They gave me gall also for my meat; and in my thirst they gave me vinegar for my drink. Let their table become a snare . . . Pour out thine indignation upon them, . . . Let their habitation be desolate; . . . For they persecute him whom thou hast smitten; and they talk to the grief of those whom thou hast wounded. Add iniquity to their iniquity: and let 'em not come into thy righteousness. Let 'em be blotted out of the book of the living, and not be written with the righteous."

134. It was foretold that the Messiah should extend his dominion, not by external force or external weapons, but by peaceable methods, and that the heathen should be brought under his dominion by the calls and offers of peace and happiness, Zech. 9:9-10.

135."135" written over "132." It was foretold that the Gentiles should be brought under the dominion of the Messiah, and so under the visible dominion of the God of Israel. Gen. 49:10, "and to him shall the gathering of the people be"; Ps. 2:8, "Ask of me, and I will give thee the heathen for thine inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth for thy possession"; Ps. 22:28-29, "the kingdom is the Lord's: and he is the governor among the nations. All they that be fat upon the earth shall eat and worship"; Ps. 45:12, "the daughter of Tyre shall be there with a gift; and the rich among the people shall intreat thy favor"; Ps. 72:8-9, "He shall have dominion also from sea to sea, and from the river unto the ends of the earth. They that dwell in the wilderness shall bow before him"; v. 11, "all kings shall bow down before him: all nations shall serve him"; Ps. 96:10, "Say among the heathen that the Lord reigneth"; Ps. 97:1, "The Lord reigneth; let the earth rejoice; let the multitude of the isles be glad thereof"; v. 5, "The hills melted at the presence of the Lord of the whole earth"; [v.] 9, "For thou, Lord, art high above all the earth: thou art exalted far above all gods"; Is. 42:1, "Behold my servant, whom I uphold; mine elect, in whom my soul delighteth; I have put my spirit upon him: he shall bring forth judgment to the Gentiles"; v. 4, "He shall not fail nor be discouraged, till he have set judgment in the earth: and the isles shall wait for his law"; Is. 54:3, "thy seed shall inherit the Gentiles"; Zech. 9:10, "and his dominion shall be from sea even to sea, and from the river even to the ends of the earth"; Zech. 14:9, "And the Lord shall be king over all the earth"; Is. 55:4, "Behold, I have given him for a witness to the people, a leader and commander to the people." See Zeph. 2:11. See further, in the following sections.

136."136" written over "133." According to the prophecies, the Gentiles were not thus to be brought under the dominion of the Messiah to enslave them, but to enlighten and cleanse them, to save and bless them, and make them happy. Gen. 12:3, "in thee shall all families of the earth be blessed"; so Gen. 18:18, and 22:18, and 26:4 and 28:14; Ps. 72:17, "men shall be blessed in him: all nations shall call him blessed"; Deut. 32:43, "Rejoice, O ye nations, with his people"; Ps. 48:2, "the joy of the whole earth, is mount Zion"; Ps. 65:5, "O God of our salvation; who art the confidence of all the ends of the earth, and of those who dwell afar off from the sea"; [v.] 8, "They also that dwell in the uttermost parts are afraid at thy tokens: thou makest the outgoings of the morning and of the evening to rejoice"; Ps. 66:1, "Make a joyful noise unto God, all ye lands"; v. 4, "All the earth shall worship thee, and shall sing unto thee; they shall sing to thy name"; Ps. 67:2-5, "That thy way may be known upon earth, and thy saving health among all nations. Let the people praise thee, O God; let all the people praise thee. O let the nations be glad and sing for joy: for thou shalt judge the people righteously, and govern the nations upon earth," etc.; Ps. 68:31-32, "Princes shall come out of Egypt; Ethiopia shall soon stretch out her hands unto God. Sing unto God, ye kingdoms of the earth"; Ps. 89:11-12, "The heavens are thine, the earth also is thine: as for the world and the fullness thereof, thou hast founded them. The north and the south thou hast created them: Tabor and Hermon shall rejoice in thy name"; Ps. 96:1, "O sing unto the Lord a new song: sing unto the Lord all the earth," and v. 10, "Say among the heathen that the Lord reigneth: the world also shall be established that it shall not be moved: he shall judge the people righteously"; Ps. 97:1, "The Lord reigneth; let the earth rejoice; let the multitude of the isles be glad thereat"; Ps. 98:4, etc., "Make a joyful [noise] unto the Lord, all the earth: make a loud noise, and rejoice, and sing praise," etc.; Ps. 100, "Make a joyful noise unto the Lord, all ye lands. Serve the Lord with gladness: come before his presence with singing. Know ye that the Lord he is God: . . . Enter into his gates with thanksgiving, and into his courts with praise: be thankful unto him, and bless his name. For the Lord is good; his mercy is everlasting; and his truth endureth to all generations"; Ps. 138:4-5, "all the kings of the earth shall praise thee, O Lord, when they hear the words of thy mouth. Yea, they shall sing in the ways of the Lord: for great is the glory of the Lord"; Ps. 145:9-10, "The Lord is good to all: and his tender mercies are over all his works. All thy works shall praise thee, O Lord; and thy saints shall bless thee," taken with the context; Is. 2:3, "And many people shall go and say, Come ye, and let us go up to the mountain of the Lord, to the house of the God of Jacob; and he will teach us of his ways, and we will walk in his paths"; Is. 11:10, "there shall be a root of Jesse, which shall stand for an ensign of the people; to it shall the Gentiles seek: and his rest shall be glorious"; Is. 19:18, etc., "In that day five cities in the land of Egypt shall speak the language of Canaan, . . . and there shall be an altar to the Lord in the midst of the land of Egypt: . . . it shall be for a witness unto the Lord of hosts in the land of Egypt: for they shall cry unto the Lord because of the oppressors, and he shall send them a savior, and a great one, and he shall deliver them"; vv. 24-25, "In that day shall Israel be the third with Egypt and with Assyria, even a blessing in the midst of the land: whom the Lord of hosts shall bless, saying, Blessed be Egypt my people, and Assyria the work of my hands, and Israel mine inheritance"; Is. 24:16, "From the uttermost part of the earth have we heard songs, even glory to the righteous"; Is. 25:6-8, "And in this mountain shall the Lord of hosts make unto all people a feast of fat things, a feast of wines on the lees, of fat things full of marrow, of wines on the lees well refined. And he will destroy in this mountain the face of the covering cast over all people, and the veil that is spread over all nations. He will swallow up death in victory; and the Lord will wipe away tears from all faces; and the rebuke of his people shall he take away from off all the earth"; Is. 42:1, "he shall bring forth judgment to the Gentiles"; v. 4, "He shall set judgment in the earth, and the isles shall wait for his law"; v. 6, "I [. . .] will give thee for a covenant of the people, for a light of the Gentiles"; vv. 10-12, "Sing unto the Lord a new song, and his praise from the end of the earth, ye that go down to the sea, and all that is therein; the isles, and the inhabitants thereof. Let [. . .] the inhabitants of the rock sing, let them shout from the top of the mountains. Let them give glory unto the Lord, and declare his praise in the islands"; Is. 45:22, "Look unto me, and be ye saved, all the ends of the earth: for I am God, and there is none else"; Is. 49:6, "And he said, It is a light thing that thou shouldst be my servant to raise up the tribes of Jacob, and to restore the preserved of Israel: I will also give thee for a light to the Gentiles, that thou mayst be my salvation unto the end of the earth"; Is. 52:15, "So shall he sprinkle many nations"; Is. 63:16, "Doubtless thou art our father, though Abraham be ignorant of us, and Israel acknowledges us not: thou, O Lord, art our father, our redeemer; thy name is from everlasting"; Ezek. 17:23, "In the mountain of the height of Israel will I plant it; [. . .] and under it shall dwell all fowl of every wing; in the shadow of the branches thereof shall they dwell"; Mic. 4:3-4, "And he shall judge among many people, and rebuke strong nations afar off; and they shall beat their swords into plowshares, . . . and shall learn war no more. But they shall sit every man under his vine and under his fig tree; and none shall make them afraid"; Hag. 2:7, "and the desire of all nations shall come"; Ezek. 35:14, "Thus saith the Lord; When the whole earth rejoiceth, I will make thee desolate"; Ezek. 47:8-9, "These waters issue out towards the east country, and go down into the desert, and go into the sea: which being brought forth into the sea, the water shall be healed. And it shall come to pass, that every thing that liveth, which moveth, whithersoever the rivers shall come, shall live: and there shall be a very great multitude of fish, because these waters shall come thither: for they shall be healed; and every thing shall live whither the river cometh"; Mic. 5:7, "And the remnant of Jacob shall be in the midst of many people as a dew from the Lord, as the showers upon the grass"; Zech. 6:14-15, "And the crowns shall be to Helem, and to Tobijah, and to Jedaiah, and to Hen the son of Zephaniah" (which came from far countries). "And they that are far off shall come and build in the temple of the Lord"; see the foregoing context; Zech. 9:10, "and he shall speak peace unto the heathen: and his dominion shall be from sea to sea."

See further, in the following sections.

137."137" written over "134." It was foretold that in the days of the Messiah's kingdom, the Gentile nations should be brought to acknowledge and worship the true God, and trust in him and praise him, and should be converted to the true religion. And the prophets represent that subjection that they shall be brought in to the Lord and to the Messiah as a voluntary, chosen subjection, and not what they are reduced to by the forcible power of a conqueror, against their wills.JE deletes a quote from Ps. 22:27-29. Ps. 48:10, "According to thy name, so is thy praise unto the ends of the earth"; Ps. 65:2, "O thou that hearest prayer, unto thee shall all flesh come"; v. 5, "thou art the confidence of all the ends of the earth, and of them that are afar off upon the sea"; Ps. 66:1-2, "Make a joyful noise unto God, all ye lands: sing forth the honor of his name: make his praise glorious"; v. 4, "All the earth shall worship thee, [. . .] they shall sing unto thy name"; Ps. 67:2-3, "That thy way may be known upon earth, thy saving health among all nations. Let the people praise thee, O God; let all the people praise thee"; so v. 5, "Let the people praise thee, O God; let all the people praise thee"; Ps. 68:31-32, "Princes shall come out of Egypt; Ethiopia shall soon stretch out her hands unto God. Sing unto God, ye kingdoms of the earth; O sing praises unto the Lord";JE deletes a quote from Ps. 86:9-10. Ps. 87:4, "I will make mention of Rahab and Babylon to them that know me"; Ps. 89:12, "Tabor and Hermon shall rejoice in thy name"; Ps. 96:7-10,JE wrote out "1, 2, 3, 4, 5," and quoted the verses, but deleted the numerals and the corresponding text. "Give unto the Lord, O ye kindreds of the people, give unto the Lord glory and strength. Give unto the Lord the glory due unto his name: bring an offering, and come into his courts. O worship the Lord in the beauty of holiness: fear before him, all the earth. Say among the heathen that the Lord reigneth";JE deletes a quote from Ps. 97:1, and from vv. 5-7. Ps. 98:2-4, "The Lord hath made known his salvation: and his righteousness hath he openly showed in the sight of the heathen. . . . all the ends of the earth have seen the salvation of our God. Make a joyful noise unto the Lord, all the earth"; Ps. 102:15, "So the heathen shall fear the name of the Lord, and all the kings of the earth thy glory"; v. 22, "When the people are gathered together, and the kingdoms, to serve the Lord"; Ps. 108:3, "I will praise thee, O Lord, among the people: and I will sing praises unto thee among the nations"; Ps. 113:3-4, "From the rising of the sun unto the going down of the same the Lord's name is to be praised. The Lord is high above all nations"; Ps. 138:4-5, "All the kings of the earth shall praise thee, O Lord, when they hear the words of thy mouth. Yea, they shall sing in the ways of the Lord: for great is the glory of the Lord"; Ps. 145:10-12, "All thy works shall praise thee, O Lord, and thy saints shall bless thee. They shall speak of the glory of thy kingdom, and talk of thy power; to make known to the sons of men his mighty acts, and the glorious majesty of his kingdom"; v. 15, "The eyes of all wait upon thee"; Is. 2:3, "many people shall go and say, Come, let us go up to the mountain of the Lord, to the house of the God of Jacob"; Is. 11:9-10, "the earth shall be full of the knowledge of the Lord, as the waters cover the sea. And in that day there shall be a root of Jesse, which shall stand for an ensign of the people; to it shall the Gentiles seek"; Is. 19:18 to the end, "In that day shall five cities in the land of Egypt speak the language of Canaan, and shall swear to the Lord . . . In that day there shall be an altar to the Lord in the midst of the land of Egypt, and a pillar at the border thereof to the Lord. And it shall be for a sign and for a witness to the Lord of hosts in the land of Egypt: [. . .] And the Lord shall be known to Egypt, and the Egyptians shall know the Lord in that day, and shall do sacrifice and oblation; yea, they shall vow a vow unto the Lord, and perform it," etc.; Is. 42:6, "I [. . .] will [. . .] give thee for a covenant to the people, for a light of the Gentiles"; [vv.] 10-12, "Sing unto the Lord a new song, and his praise from the end of the earth, ye that go down to the sea, . . . the isles, and inhabitants thereof. . . . Let them give glory to the Lord, and declare his praise in the islands"; Is. 52:15, "So shall he sprinkle many nations"; Is. 56:7, "mine house shall be called an house of prayer for all people"; Is. 60:3, "the Gentiles shall come to thy light, and kings to the brightness of thy rising"; vv. 6-9, "all they from Sheba shall come: and they shall show forth the praises of the Lord. The floods of Kedar [. . .] and the rams of Nebaioth shall [. . .] come up with acceptance on mine altar, . . . Who are these that fly as a cloud, and as doves to their windows? Surely the isles shall wait for me"; Is. 63:16, "Doubtless thou art our father, though Abraham be ignorant of us," etc.; Is. 65:1, "I am sought of them that asked not for me; I am found of them that sought me not: I said, Behold me, behold me, unto a nation that was not called by my name"; Is. 40:5, "And the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together"; Is. 66:18-21, "I will gather all nations and tongues; and they shall come and see my glory. And I will set a sign among them, and I will send those that escape of them unto the nations, to Tarshish, Pul, and Lud, that draw the bow, to Tubal, and Javan, to the isles afar off, that have not heard my fame, neither have seen my glory; and they shall declare my glory among the Gentiles. And they shall bring all your brethren as an offering [. . .] in a clean vessel into the house of the Lord. And I will take of them for priests and for Levites";JE deletes quotes from Is. 25:7 and Jer. 3:17. Zech. 8:20 to the end, "Thus saith the Lord of hosts; It shall come to pass, that there shall come people, and the inhabitants of many cities: and the inhabitants of one city shall go to another, saying, Let us go speedily to pray before the Lord, and to seek the Lord of hosts: I will go also. Yea, many people and strong nations shall come to seek the Lord of hosts in Jerusalem, and to pray before the Lord," etc.; Zech. 9:1, "when the eyes of man, as of all the tribes of Israel, are towards the Lord"; and 14:9, "And the Lord shall be king over all the earth: in that day shall there be one Lord, and his name one"; v. 16, "every one that is left of all the nations which came against Jerusalem shall even go up from year to year to worship the King, the Lord of hosts," etc.; Mal. 1:11, "For from the rising of the sun even unto the going down of the same my name shall be great among the Gentiles; and in every place incense shall be offered unto my name, and a pure offering: for my name shall be great among the heathen, saith the Lord of hosts"; Zeph. 2:11, "The Lord [. . .] shall famish all the gods of the earth; and men shall worship him, every one from his place, even all the isles of the heathen." See Zeph. 2:11.This reference, repeating that which precedes, is a later addition by JE.

See many other places in the following section.

138."138" written over "135." 'Tis evident by the prophecies that the Gentile nations should, by the Messiah, be thus brought to the acknowledgment and worship of the true God, and be converted to the true religion, as in the foregoing section, from a state of heathenish darkness and idolatry. Ps. 22:27, "All the ends of the world shall remember and turn unto the Lord: all the kindreds of the nations shall worship before thee. For the kingdom is the Lord's: and he is the governor among the nations. All they that be fat upon the earth shall eat and worship"; Ps. 86:9-10, "All nations whom thou hast made shall come and worship before thee, and glorify thy name. For thou art great, and dost wondrous things: thou art God alone"; Ps. 96:1-5,MS: "97. 1 ---- 5." "O sing unto the Lord a new song: sing unto the Lord, all the earth. Sing unto the Lord, bless his name; show forth his salvation from day to day. Declare his glory among the heathen, his wonders among all people. For the Lord is great, and greatly to be praised: he is to be feared above all gods. For all the gods of the nations are idols: but the Lord made the heavens"; Ps. 97:1, "The Lord reigneth; let the earth rejoice; let the multitude of the isles be glad thereof"; vv. 5-7, "at the presence of the Lord of the whole earth. The heavens declare his righteousness, and all people shall see his glory. Confounded be all they that serve graven images, that boast themselves of idols: worship him, all ye gods"; Ps. 100, "Make a joyful noise unto the Lord, all ye lands. Serve the Lord with gladness: come before his presence with singing. Know ye that the Lord he is God: . . . Enter into his gates with thanksgiving, and into his courts with praise: be thankful unto him, and bless his name"; Is. 2:2-3, "the mountain of the Lord's house shall be established," etc., "and all nations shall flow into it. And many people shall go and say, Come ye, and let us go up to the mountain of the Lord, to the house of the God of Jacob; and he will teach us of his ways, and we will walk in his path: for out of Zion shall go forth the law, and the word of the Lord from Jerusalem," with v. 18, "And the idols he shall utterly abolish"; Is. 25:7, "And he will destroy in this mountain the face of the covering cast over all people, and the veil that is spread over all nations"; Jer. 3:17, "and all the nations shall be gathered to the name of the Lord, to Jeru[salem]: neither shall they walk any more after the imagination of their evil heart"; Jer. 16:19-20, "O Lord, my strength, and my fortress, and my refuge in the day of affliction, the Gentiles shall come unto thee from the ends of the earth, and shall say, Surely our fathers have inherited lies, vanity, and things wherein there is no profit.MS: "prophet." Shall a man make gods unto himself, and they are no gods?"

But above all is this manifest from that great prophecy of the kingdom of the Messiah, that begins with the 40th chapter of Isaiah and is continued through the following chapters: there God doth largely set forth the vanity of the idols of the heathen, their graven images and gods of gold and silver and wood, etc., foretelling the open manifestation of their vanity, and the abolition of their worship and their utter destruction that shall be in the time of the Messiah's kingdom. See Is. 40:9-26 and 41:1-7; and v. 21 to ch. 42:8, and vv. 17-18; ch. 43:9–13 and ch. 44:1-20; ch. 45:14 to the end, and ch. 46:5-10. Here it is plain that the idolatry that is reproved, and [the] utter abolishing of which is foretold to be brought to pass by the Messiah, is the gross, heathen idolatry of worshipping images made by man's hands. See this more fully manifest by the texts more largely cited, §153.

Therefore these two last sections do contain a great, and most clear and demonstrative evidence that our Jesus is the Messiah, because this grand effect is what he has brought to pass: that institution which he established, has actually been the means of bringing out all the principal part of the heathen world, and all heathen nations in the then-known parts of the world, from their gross, heathenish darkness, and off from the worship of their idols, to the acknowledgement and profession and worship of Jehovah, the God of the ancient Israel[ites]; and all those heathen nations mentioned in Scripture have long since utterly forsaken their idolatry.

'Tis now many ages since all those idols mentioned in the Old Testament have been utterly abolished, and the names of them remain no otherwise than as we have account of them in these sacred writings; and the idols of all those great heathen monarchies that succeeded one another have long since utterly ceased, and nothing but the names remain. Heathen idolatry is abolished to a far greater extent than what was then known of the world: and particularly this is done in those very parts of the world wherein it was foretold it should be done by the Messiah, as in those parts that had long been known by the name of "the isles," as the Lesser Asia, and Europe, and the islands in the Mediterranean Sea. Ps. 97:1, 5-7; Is. 41:1 with the rest of the chapter, and 42:4, 6-12; Is. 49:1 and the rest of the chapter. This great effect is already done by the doctrine, institution and disciples of our Jesus, and does not remain to be done by any other Messiah. Zeph. 2:11.This last reference is a later addition by JE. At the end of the entry, JE wrote: "next to this properly comes §139 (139) p. 121."

139."139" written over "153." At the beginning of the entry, JE wrote: "This follows next after §138." No. 139 is relocated, at JE's directions, from MS pp 121-23. It was foretold that in the times of the Messiah's kingdom, the true God would very visibly and remarkably show himself above the gods of the heathen, triumphing over them, to the confounding of them and their worshippers. Ps. 97:6-7, "The heavens declare his righteousness, and all the people see his glory. Confounded be all they that serve graven images, that boast themselves of idols: worship him, all ye gods"; v. 9, "For thou, JEHOVAH, art high above all the earth: thou art exalted far above all gods"; Is. 40:5, "the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together"; vv. 18-20, "To whom will ye liken God? or what likeness will ye compare unto him? The workman melteth a graven image, and the goldsmith spreadeth it over with gold"; [vv.] 23-25, "that bringeth the princes to nothing; he maketh the judges of the earth as vanity. Yea, they shall not be planted; they shall not be sown: yea, their stock shall not take root in the earth: and he shall also blow upon them, and they shall wither, and the whirlwind shall take them away as stubble. To whom then will ye liken me, or shall I be equal? saith the Holy One of Israel"; and ch. 41:1, "Keep silence before me, O islands; and let the people renew their strength: let them come near; then let them speak: let us come near together to judgment"; v. 21, etc., "Produce your cause, bring forth your strong reasons, saith the God of Jacob. Let them bring forth, and show us what shall happen: . . . Show the things that are to come hereafter, that we may know that ye are gods: yea, do good, or do evil, that we may be dismayed, and behold it together. Behold, ye are of nothing, and your work of nought: an abomination is he that chooseth you"; v. 26, "Who hath declared from the beginning, that we may know? and beforetime, that we may say he is righteous? yea, there is none that showeth, yea, there is none that declareth, yea, there is none that heareth your words"; and ch. 42:8, "I am JEHOVAH: that is my name: and my glory will I not give to another, neither my praise to graven images"; vv. 13-14, "The Lord shall go forth as a mighty man, he shall stir up jealousy like a man of war: he shall cry, yea, roar; he shall prevail against his enemies. I have long time holden my peace; I have been still, and restrained myself: now will I cry like a travailing woman; I will destroy and devour at once"; v. 17, "They shall be turned back, they shall be greatly ashamed that trust in graven images, that say to molten images, Ye are our gods"; ch. 43:9, etc., "Let all nations be gathered together, and let the people be assembled: . . . Ye are my witnesses, saith the Lord, and my servant whom I have chosen: that ye may know and believe me, and understand that I am he: before me was there no God formed, neither shall there be after me. I, even I, am JEHOVAH; and beside me there is no savior. I have declared, and have saved, and I have showed, when there was no strange god among you: therefore ye are my witness, saith the Lord, that I am God. Yea, before the day was I am he; and there is none that can deliver out of my hand: I will work, and who shall let it?"; ch. 44:8, etc., "ye are even my witnesses. Is there a God besides me? yea, there is no God; I know not any. They that make a graven image are all of them vanity; and their delectable things shall not profit; and they are their own witnesses; they see not, nor know; that they may be ashamed. Who hath formed a god, or molten a graven image that is profitable for nothing? Behold, all his fellows shall be ashamed: and the workmen, they are of men: let 'em all be gathered together, let them stand up; yet they shall fear, and be ashamed together. The smith with tongs both worketh in the coals," to v. 20; and vv. 24-25, "Thus saith the Lord, thy redeemer, and he that formed thee from the womb, I am the Lord that maketh all things; that stretcheth forth the heavens alone; that spreadeth abroad the earth by myself; that frustrateth the tokens of liars, and maketh diviners mad; and turneth wise men backward, and maketh their knowledge foolish"; Is. 45:16, "They shall be ashamed, and also confounded, all of them: they shall go to confusion together that are the makers of idols"; vv. 18, etc., "For thus saith the Lord that created the heavens; God himself that formed the earth and made it; he hath established it, he created it not in vain, he formed it to be inhabited: I am the Lord, and there is none else. . . . Assemble yourselves and come; draw near together, ye that are escaped of the nations: they have no knowledge that set up the wood of their graven image, and pray unto a god that cannot [save]. Tell ye, and bring them near; let them take counsel together: . . . there is no God besides me; . . . I have sworn by myself, the word is gone out of my mouth, and shall not return, That unto me every knee shall bow, every tongue shall swear"; Is. 46:5-6, etc., "To whom will ye liken me, and make me equal, and compare me, that we may be like? They lavish gold out of the bag, and weigh silver in the balance, and hire a goldsmith; and he maketh it a god :they fall down, yea, they worship. They bear him upon the shoulder, they carry him, and set him in his place, and he standeth; from his place shall he not remove: yea, one shall cry unto him, yet can he not answer, nor save him out of trouble. Remember this, and show yourselves men: bring it again to mind, O ye transgressors. Remember the former things of old: for I am God, and there is none else; I am God, and there is none like me"; Zeph. 2:11, "The Lord will [. . .] famish all the gods of the earth; and men shall worship him."

These things were remarkably verified in the primitive times of the Christian church with respect to the chief idols of the world, the gods of the greatest and most powerful nation, the gods of the greatest and most mighty heathen empire that ever was, the gods of all those heathen nations and countries noted in Scripture, not only by causing his own worship to prevail in those nations and countries, to the utter abolishing theirs, and to the bringing to pass the final overthrow of all their honor and dominion; but also in silencing their oracles all over the Roman Empire, that they could give answers no more (a remarkable fulfillment of that, Is. 44:24-25), and making them to confess that the Hebrew child had sent 'em to hell,A reference to the silencing of the oracle at Delphos at the time of Jesus' birth; see "Miscellanies," no. 805, in WJE 18:508, quoting Robert Millar's History of the Propagation of Chrisianity. giving that honor to the meanest of the followers of Jesus, to make them confess at their demand that they were devils, and many other things of the like nature. Zeph. 2:11.The last reference is a later addition by JE. Following the entry, JE wrote: next to this properly follows §140," followed by an insert in another hand: "p. 104."

140."140" written over "136." That the outpouring of the Spirit of God, in order to the establishment and advancement of Christ's kingdom, began first at Jerusalem; and that the first Christian church after Christ's ascension was erected there, and that from thence the gospel went forth into all parts of the world; and that those that were members of that first Christian church at Jerusalem were the prime instruments of the conversion of the world to Christianity, and the church of Jerusalem the mother of all other Christian churches, is agreeable to Is. 2:3-4, "And many people shall go and say, Come ye, and let us go up unto the mountain of the Lord, to the house of the God of Jacob; and he will teach us of his ways, and we will walk in his paths: for out of Zion shall go forth the law, and the word of the Lord from Jerusalem. And he shall judge among the nations, and shall rebuke many people"; and Mic. 4:2-3, where there almost the same words; and Ps. 110:1-2, "The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool. The Lord shall send the rod of thy strength out of Zion: rule thou in the midst of thine enemies."

141."141" written over "137." It was foretold that the Gentiles should be called at the time that the Jews should be rejected, so as to come as it were in their room. Is. 29:17, "Is it not yet a very little while, and Lebanon shall be turned into a fruitful [field], and the fruitful field shall be esteemed as a forest?," taken with the foregoing context that speaks of the rejection of the Jews for their unbelief and perverseness; and ch. 32:15, "Until the spirit be poured upon us from on high, and the wilderness be a fruitful field, and the fruitful field be counted for a forest"; Is. 65:1-2, "I am sought of them that asked not for me; I am found of them that sought me not: I said, Behold me, behold me, unto a nation that was not called by my name. I have spread out my hands all the day unto a rebellious people," etc.; Hos. 1:9-10, "Then said God, Call his name Lo-ammi: for ye are not my people, and I will not be your God. Yet the number of the children of Israel shall be as the sand of the sea," etc.; Deut. 32:21, "I will move them to jealousy with those which are not a people; I will provoke them to anger with a foolish nation"; Is. 49:4-6, "Then [I] said, I have labored in vain, . . . And now, saith the Lord, . . . Though Israel be not gathered, yet shall I be glorious in the eyes of the Lord, . . . It is a light thing that thou shouldst be my servant to raise up the tribes of Jacob," etc.; v. 20,MS: "2." "the children which thou shalt have, after thou hast lost the other"; Mal. 1:10-11, "I have no pleasure in you, saith the Lord, neither will I accept an offering at your hand. For from the rising of the sun even to the going down of the same my name shall be great among the Gentiles; and in every place incense shall be offered unto my name, and a pure offering: for my name shall be great among the heathen, saith the Lord of hosts."

142."142" written over "138." Though it be foretold that the bigger part of the Jews should be rejected and destroyed, and the Gentiles called in their room, in the days of the Messiah's kingdom; yet it is foretold that the Jews should not all be rejected, but that a small part of that nation should be reserved and saved, and should receive the blessings of the Messiah's kingdom. Is. 65:8-9, "Thus saith the Lord, As the new wine is found in the cluster, and one saith, Destroy it not; for a blessing is in it: so will I do for my servants' sakes, that I may not destroy them all. And I will bring forth a seed out of Jacob, and out of Judah an inheritor of my mountains: and mine elect shall inherit it, and my servants shall dwell there," taken with the context; and ch. 66:5, "Hear the word of the Lord, ye that tremble at his word; Your brethren that hated you, and cast you out for my name's sake, said, Let the Lord be glorified: but he shall appear to your joy, and they shall be ashamed"; Is. 4:3, "And it shall come to pass, that he that is left in Zion, and he that remaineth in Jerusalem, shall be called holy, even every one that is written among the living in Jerusalem"; Is. 7, when the prophet Isaiah was sent of God to meet Ahaz, to deliver to him that great prophecy of Immanuel's being born of a virgin, he is directed to take with him his son Shearjashub, which signifies, "The remnant shall return" (see v. 3).

See further, in the next section.

143."143" written over "139." It was foretold that this comparatively small part of the Jewish nation, that should cleave to the Messiah and should partake of the benefits of his kingdom, should be dispersed all over the world amongst the Gentile nations, and should be the instruments of the conversion of the Gentiles, being like seed scattered abroad, to produce among the Gentiles others of the same kind. Mic. 5:7, "And the remnant of Jacob shall be in the midst of many people as a dew from the Lord, as showers upon the grass," compared with Is. 44:3-5, "I will pour water upon him that is thirsty, and floods upon the dry ground: [. . .] and they shall spring up as among the grass, . . . One shall say, I am the Lord's"; and Is. 27:6, "He shall cause them that come of Jacob to take root: Israel shall blossom and bud, and fill the face of the world with fruit"; Hos. 2:23, "And I will sow her unto me in the earth; And I will have mercy upon her that had not obtained mercy; and I will say to that which were not my people, Thou art my people; and they shall say, Thou art my God"; Zech. 10:9, "And I will sow them among the people: and they shall remember me in far countries; and they shall live with their children, and turn again"; and ch. 8:23, "Thus saith the Lord of hosts; In those days it shall come to pass, that ten men shall take hold out of all languages of the nations, even shall take hold of the skirt of him that is a Jew, saying, We will go with you: for we have heard that God is with you"; Zech. 9:13, "When I have bent Judah for me, and filled the bow with Ephraim, and raised up thy sons, O Zion, against thy sons, O Greece, and made thee as the sword of a mighty man."

These things were remarkably fulfilled before Christ came. It was so ordered, in divine providence, that the Jews were very much dispersed over the world, which greatly prepared the way for the propa[ga]tion of the gospel among Gentile nations. The first converts were Jews, and those Jewish converts were the instrument of the conversion of the Gentiles. The apostles and evangelists, the first preachers of the gospel, were Jews, those [sent] abroad by Jesus Christ into all the earth, and dispersed among all nations, to be the instruments of their conversion. That multitude that were converted by the first outpouring of the Spirit after Christ's ascension, were Jews that dwelt in every nation under heaven, but were come up to worship at Jerusalem at the feast of Pentecost; but afterward returned again into all parts of the world where they dwelt, carrying the gospel with them, to enlighten those distant parts of the world. And when the apostles went abroad preaching the gospel in the world, they first preached to the Jews that they found among the nations whither they went; and their first converts in every country were ordinarily of the Jews. See further, §164, what is there observed on Is. 66:19-20.JE's full cross-reference reads: "§160. the 3d page of that section the Last paragraph," i.e. sec. 164, paragraph beginning, "JAVAN. Is. 66:19 . . ."

144."144" written over "141." It was foretold that the Gentiles that should be called in the times of the kingdom of the Messiah, should be God's people and in covenant with him in the same manner as the Jews were wont to be, and should be, to all intents and purposes, admitted to the same privileges with that remnant of the Jews that should yet continue to be God's people. Ps. 87:3-5, "Glorious things are spoken of thee, O city of God. I will make mention of Rahab and Babylon to them that know me: behold Philistia, and Tyre, with Ethiopia; this man was born there. And of Zion it shall be said, This and that man were born in her: and the highest himself shall establish her"; Is. 42:6, "I will [. . .] give thee for a covenant of the people, for a light of the Gentiles"; Deut. 32:21, "I will move them to jealousy with them that are not a people," and v. 43, "Rejoice, O ye nations, with his people"; Is. 55:4-5, "Behold, I have given him for a witness to the people, a leader and commander to the people. Behold, thou shalt call a nation that thou knowest not, and nations that know not thee shall run unto thee because of the Lord thy God, and for the Holy One of Israel; for he hath glorified thee"; Ps. 100:1-4, "Make a joyful noise unto the Lord, all ye lands. Serve the Lord with gladness: come before his presence with singing. Know ye that the Lord he is God: it is he that hath made us, and not we ourselves; we are his people, and the sheep of his pasture. Enter into his gates with thanksgiving, and into his courts with praise"; Is. 65:1-2, "I am sought of them that asked not for me; I am found of them that sought me not: I said, Behold me, behold me, unto a nation that was not called by my name. I have stretched out my hands all the day unto a rebellious people"; Hos. 1:9-10, "Call his name Lo-ammi: for ye are not my people, and I will not be your God. Yet the number of the children of Israel shall be as the sand of the sea, which cannot be measured nor numbered; and it shall come to pass, that in the place where it was said unto them, Ye are not my people, there it shall be said unto them, Ye are the sons of the living God"; Hos. 2:23, "and I will have mercy upon her that had not obtained mercy; and I will say to them which were not my people, Thou art my people; and they shall say, Thou art my God"; Amos 9:12, "That they may possess the remnant of Edom, and all the heathen, that are called by my name"; Zech. 2:11, "And many nations shall be joined to the Lord in that day, and shall be my people"; Ps. 48:2, "Beautiful for situation, the joy of the whole earth, is mount Zion"; Ps. 65:5, "who art the confidence of all the ends of the earth, and of them that are afar off upon the sea"; Ps. 96:6-9, "Honor and majesty are before him: strength and beauty are in his sanctuary. Give unto the Lord, O ye kindreds of the people, give unto the Lord glory and strength. Give unto the Lord the glory due unto his name: bring an offering, and come into his courts. O worship the Lord in the beauty of holiness: fear before him, all the earth"; Is. 2:2-3, "all nations shall flow into the mountain of the house of the Lord. Many people shall say, Come, let us go up to the mountain of the Lord, to the house of the God of Jacob; and he will teach us his ways, and we will walk in his path: for out of Zion shall go forth the law"; the same also in Mic. 4, at the beginning; Is. 19:18 to the end, "five cities in the land of Egypt shall speak the language of Canaan, . . . and there shall be an altar to the Lord in the land of Egypt, . . . and the Lord shall send them a savior, and a great one, . . . And the Lord shall be known to Egypt, and the Egyptians shall know the Lord, and shall do sacrifice and oblation; . . . and the Egyptians shall serve with the Assyrians. In that day shall Israel be the third with Egypt and with Assyria, even a blessing in the midst of the land"; Is. 11:10, "there shall be a root of Jesse, which shall stand for an ensign of the people; to it shall the Gentiles seek: and his rest shall be glorious"; v. 12, "And he shall set up an ensign for the nations, and shall assemble the outcasts of Israel, and gather together the dispersed of Judah"; Is. 49:20, "Thy children which thou shalt have, after thou hast lost the other," etc.; Is. 54:1, etc., "more are the children of the desolate than the children of the married wife, . . . for thy seed shall inherit the Gentiles, . . . For thy Maker is thy husband"; Is. 44, at the beginning, "hear, O Jacob my servant, and Israel whom I have chosen: . . . I will pour my spirit on thy seed, . . . and they shall spring up as among the grass, . . . One shall say, I am the Lord's; another shall call himself by the name of Jacob; [. . .] and surname himself by the name of Israel"; Is. 56:3, "Neither let the son of the stranger that hath joined himself to the Lord speak, saying, The Lord hath utterly separated me from his people"; vv. 6-8, "Also the sons of the stranger that join themselves to the Lord, to serve him, and to love the name of the Lord, to be his servants, . . . and taketh hold of my covenant; even them will I bring into my holy mountain, and make them joyful in my house of prayer: their burnt offerings and their sacrifices shall be accepted upon mine altar; for mine house shall be called an house of prayer for all people. The Lord which gathereth the outcasts of Israel saith, Yet will I gather others to him, besides those that are gathered unto him"; Is. 60:3, etc., "kings shall come to thy light, and princes to the brightness of thy rising. . . . all they gather themselves together, they come to thee: thy sons shall come from far, and thy daughters shall be nursed at thy side. . . . the abundance of the sea shall be converted unto thee, . . . they of Sheba shall come: they shall bring gold and incense; and they shall show forth the praises of the Lord. All the flocks of Kedar shall be gathered together unto thee, . . . they shall come up with acceptance on mine altar, . . . Who are those that fly as a cloud, and as doves to their windows? Surely the isles shall wait for me, and the ships of Tarshish first, to bring thy sons from far"; Is. 66:20-21, "And they shall bring all your brethren for an offering unto the Lord out of all nations . . . to my holy mountain Jerusalem, saith the Lord, as the children of Israel bring an offering in a clean vessel into the house of the Lord. And I will take of them for priests and for Levites"; Is. 52:15, "he shall sprinkle many nations," compared with Ezek. 36:25-29; Ezek. 47:22, "And it shall come to pass, that ye shall divide it by lot for an inheritance unto you, and to the strangers that sojourn among you, which shall beget children among you: and they shall be unto you as born in the country among the children of Israel; they shall have inheritance with you among the tribes of Israel"; Ezek. 16:61, "I will give them unto thee for daughters," speaking of Sodom and Samaria being given to Jerusalem; Zech. 6:14-15, "And the crowns shall be to Helem, and Tobijah, and to Jedaiah, and to Hen the son of Zephaniah" (Helem and Tobijah and Jedaiah came from a far country; see v. 10. They had like crowns with Hen the son of Zephaniah that dwelt in the land; see further in the next verse, 15, "And they that are afar off shall come and build in the temple of the Lord."); Zech. 8:22-23, "many people and strong nations shall come to seek the Lord of hosts in Jerusalem, and to pray before him. . . . and ten men shall take hold out of all languages of the nations, . . . of the skirt of him that is a Jew, saying, We will go with you: for we have heard that God is with you," compared with Num. 10:29, "And Moses said to Habab, . . . Come thou with us, and we will do thee good: for the Lord hath spoken good concerning Israel," with v. 32, "And it shall be, if thou wilt go with us, yea, it shall be, that what good the Lord shall do unto us, the same will we do unto thee"; Zech. 9:1, "when the eyes of man, as of all the tribes of Israel, are towards the Lord"; vv. 6-7, "I will cut off the pride of the Philistines. . . . but he that remaineth, even he shall be for our God, and he shall be as a governor in Judah, and Ekron as a Jebusite"; Zech. 14:16, "every one that is left of all the nations shall go up from year to year to worship the King, the Lord of hosts, and keep the feast of tabernacles"; Mal. 1:10-11, "I have no pleasure in you, . . . neither will I accept an offering at your hand. For from the rising of the sun even unto the going down of the same my name shall be great among the Gentiles; and in every place incense shall be offered unto my name, and a pure offering: for my name shall be great among the heathen, saith the Lord of hosts"; Is. 63:16, "Doubtless thou art our father, though Abraham be ignorant of us, and Israel acknowledge us not: thou, O Lord, art our father, our redeemer"; Is. 66:8-10, "shall a nation be born at once? . . . Rejoice ye with Jerusalem, and be glad with her, all ye that love her: rejoice for joy with her, all ye that mourn for her." See also Jer. 12:14 to the end.